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Gravity... I think
The type of motion that describes the horizontal component of a projectile is horizontal projectile motion. It is influenced by the downward force of gravity.
gravity - velocity - windage - obstructions
In the absence of air resistance, the force of gravity has no effect on the horizontal component of a projectile's velocity, and causes the vertical component of its velocity to increase by 9.8 meters (32.2 feet) per second downward for every second of its flight.
A projectile will travel on a straight line unless external forces act upon it. Gravity will pull the projectile downward, i.e. affect its vertical velocity component. This is why the projectile will decelerate upwards, reach a maximum elevation, and accelerate back down to earth. The force vector of air resistance points in the opposite direction of motion, slowing the projectile down. For example, If the projectile is going forward and up, air resistance is pushing it backwards (horizontal component) and down (vertical component). Without air resistance, there is no external force acting upon the horizontal velocity component and the projectiles ground speed will stay constant as it gains altitude and falls back down to earth.
Gravity... I think
The type of motion that describes the horizontal component of a projectile is horizontal projectile motion. It is influenced by the downward force of gravity.
gravity - velocity - windage - obstructions
It will eventually straighten out as it escapes gravity.
45 degrees to the horizontal will give the maximum flight time for a projectile. If a projectile was fired at 90 degrees to the horizontal, (straight upwards) the projectile will go straight upwards (ignoring the shape, form and aerodynamic properties of the projectile). Likewise if you were to fire a projectile at 0 degrees to the horizontal, the projectile would follow said course, IF gravity was not in effect; a projectile needs some form of vertical velocity to overcome gravity. Hence why 45 degrees will give you the longest distance and consequently flight time.
In the absence of air resistance, the force of gravity has no effect on the horizontal component of a projectile's velocity, and causes the vertical component of its velocity to increase by 9.8 meters (32.2 feet) per second downward for every second of its flight.
A projectile will travel on a straight line unless external forces act upon it. Gravity will pull the projectile downward, i.e. affect its vertical velocity component. This is why the projectile will decelerate upwards, reach a maximum elevation, and accelerate back down to earth. The force vector of air resistance points in the opposite direction of motion, slowing the projectile down. For example, If the projectile is going forward and up, air resistance is pushing it backwards (horizontal component) and down (vertical component). Without air resistance, there is no external force acting upon the horizontal velocity component and the projectiles ground speed will stay constant as it gains altitude and falls back down to earth.
horizontal velocity
Some of the factors that determine the movements of a projectile include: air resistance, force of gravity, initial launch velocity, the angle a projectile was launched at, and the objects initial elevation.
Never, since "vertical" means directly opposing the local gravity field.
The vertical component of a projectile's velocity is irrelevant. It can be up, down, or zero, makes no difference. As long as projectile motion lasts ... gravity is the only force on the object and you're ignoring air resistance ... its acceleration is constant, and is equal to the acceleration of gravity: 9.8 meters per second2 pointing down.
In a vacuum a projectile will maintain its launch speed (muzzle velocity) until gravity pulls it to earth or it strikes something in its path. In absence of gravity it will maintain straight-line flight and velocity until it strikes something. Atmosphere creates drag which slows bullets dramatically.