Ad hominem argument - usually involves insulting or belittling one's opponent in order to attack his claim or invalidate his argument, but can also involve pointing out true character flaws or actions that are irrelevant to the opponent's argument.
Example - Candidate Jane's proposal about zoning is ridiculous. She was caught cheating on her taxes in 2003.
The idea that hiring should be based on entrance exams and promotion ratings to create an administration by people with talent and skill.
Because
The Chinese people enjoy scholastic, medical, and oral exams.
That is standard, though sometimes psychological problems do not manifest until after hiring due to job stress and other factors.
People worry about exams because they fear failure, want to perform well academically, and may feel pressure from external sources such as parents or teachers. Exams often have consequences for future opportunities like university admissions or job prospects, which can contribute to the anxiety surrounding them.
Doctors, including optometrists and opthamologists perform eye exams, but basic exams can be done by nurses or lay people who have been trained in this to do these type of tests.
positive reinforcement
it is when people people use illegal means to pass an exams
We do NOT assist people in cheating on exams.
The idea that hiring should be based on entrance exams and promotion ratings to create an administration by people with talent and skill.
People may fail exams due to a lack of preparation, poor time management, test anxiety, unclear understanding of the material, or unexpected situations that prevent them from performing at their best.
Most schools have volunteer students or teachers to help blind people write their exams.