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Linux Security Tool Distribution (STD) is really good.
Not really, it's depending on what do you want. I suggest Kali Linux for penetration testing/hacking and Ubuntu for gamers/programmers.
John Fusco has written: 'The Linux Programmer's Toolbox' 'The Linux Programmer's Toolbox' -- subject(s): Computer Technology, Nonfiction, OverDrive
Yes. BackTrack is a Linux distribution that focuses on penetration testing and computer forensics.
Yes.
No, Ubuntu is part of Linux.
BT4 is the most complete Linux distribution with Pentesting tools preinstalled but you still need some knowledge.
Ubuntu is a Linux distribution (as in a specific OS setup with the Linux kernel.)
Yes.
Scientific Linux is a Linux distribution. It is a free and open source operating system and aims to be as close to the commercial enterprise distribution as possible.
A server with a Linux distribution installed on it.
Many Linux distributions are intended for home users.