Each logic family has a noise margin (also called "noise immunity") specified by the manufacturer.
Manufacturers guarantee that the digital logic will still produce correct results even when some small amount of noise is superimposed on a gate output signal.
The maximum amount of such noise that manufacturers are willing to guarantee is the noise margin.
In order from highest to lowest noise immunity:
high-threshold logic: ???
CMOS has a noise margin of 2.95 volts with a 10 V power supply.
CMOS has a noise margin of 1.45 volts with a 5 V power supply.
CMOS has a noise margin of 0.6 volts with a 3 V power supply.
TTL has a noise margin of 0.3 volts.
integrated injection logic (IIL): ???
Noise immunity is the ability of a system to perform even when there is noise present. The higher the level of noise a system can still operate under, the higher the noise immunity.
The headphones that are rated the highest for noise cancellation are Bose headphones. They are recommended for long flights and for times when you will want to cancel out outside noise.
noise is a ac signal(high frequency range), as LPF allows only lower frequencies integrator is has more noise immunity than differentiator
A vuvuzela can make a noise of up to 130db.
Mariah Carey
To know about the advantages of TTL logic family, one should have a basic idea about RTL, DTL etc. Diode logic (DL) uses diodes to implement logical functions like AND and OR. But the disadvantage is that it can not perform NOT operation. As AND and OR are not complete functions by themselves, they can not perform several logic functions without NOT. Hence, there was a need for some device which can perform a NOT function as diodes can not. That device is a transistor. Then came the DTL which uses a transistor along with diodes. As a transistor can act as an inverter, NAND (NOT-AND) & NOR (NOT-OR) operations can be performed. But this logic uses several diodes which will slow down its operation. Due to the delay offered by them, the logic levels may sometimes change i. e. 0 t0 1 or 1 to 0. Then came TTL. This logic uses a multi emitter transistor, a transistor with many emitter terminals. As every emitter is nothing but a diode, this logic eliminates the use of all diodes. This is the major advantage. As transistor becomes ON and OFF much rapidly than a diode, switching time will be faster. TTL, or Transistor-transistor logic replaced resistor-transistor logic, and used much less power. The TTL family is very fast and reliable, and newer faster, less power-consuming, etc. types are always being developed. = In TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic), think that the device using this technology is made from several transistors. Another advantage is that many more chips employ this technology.
differential Manchester gives better noise immunity.
Digital Electronics deals with logic 1 and logic 0, where logic 1 is represented by one voltage and logic is represented by another voltage.(ie. it is a discrete representaiton of analog signals). The main advantage of digital signals over analog signal is that it is less prone to noise.
because TTL have a bias input setup to eliminate noise therefore the output will follow the logic one input if left open
A: There is no calculation involved it is specified by the manufacture as a level +/- volts or even current
H. I. Silver has written: 'A class of signal design problems to improve noise immunity of digital communication systems'
TTL, CMOS and ECL, all them are Small Scale Integration technologies used in different contexts. ECL basic family reaches rises and falls times of a few ns due to use of a small voltage range and a lot of current, involving high power consumptions. High current and high speed induces a lot of electric-noise put layout designers to a complex and long design-process of PCB. CMOS basic family, otherwise, it is a very low power consumption SSI technology. CMOS uses high voltage digital levels and power, but it is relatively slow. This technology is low power and it has a high level of noise immunity. TTL basic family was the head of all other digital technologies. It is a sensible current consumer, a medium speed.