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antibody or antigen
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Explain why a certain virus will attach to only one or few types of cells?
Virus attachment is dependent upon the cell surface receptor that can interact with the protein on the virus surface. The interaction is akin to a lock and a key. The key is the protein on the virus, and the lock is the cell surface receptor. A key will only get into the correct lock.
The two ways that molecules get into cells are?
Lock and key and size
What role do virus's outer coat play in the invasion of a host cell?
Viral host cell- the cell have become infected with virus.Attachment of virus to a host cell is a specific binding between viral capsid proteins and specific receptors on the host cellular surface. For example, human HIV virus infects only T-cells, because its surface protein(gp 120) can interact with CD4 and receptors on the T-cell surface.---- The virus invasionPhase 1The spikes and fibers attach themselves to the walls of the cell or bacteria.Phase 2The sheath contracts and drives the core through the cell wall, like an injection!Phase 3The nucleic acid passes through the core, from the head, and into the host cell. Phase 4First the nucleic acid disappears, then about ten minutes later 100's of virions appear out of no where, causing the cell to rupture, releasing hundreds of copies of the virus that originally invaded it. This cycle is then repeated and can destroy billions of cells in a matter of hours!
How does a virus recognize its host cell?
Confusing question. Essentially, one way your body recognizes viruses by the antibodies it left behind the last time you were infected. Another is the sheer presence of something "different."Antibodies (immunoglobulin) are Y-shaped proteins that are produced by plasma cells, and which have millions of variable. At each tip of the "Y" is an antigen binding site (paratope), in essence a lock. When your body comes into contact with a foreign pathogen or substance, the antibodies (epitopes) of the invader trigger the immune system to produce antibodies. the antibodies with paratopes that correspond to the epitopes of the invader are attached, and the invader is neutralized or killed.The problem occurs when your body does notrecognize a virus or some other invader. At these times your body has no or reduced defense against the pathogen, and in serious cases (bubonic and pneumonic plagues, dengue and hemorrhagic fevers, ebola, haunta, super flues such as H1N1 or Swine flu, and SARS) the immune system cannot fight it and becomes overrun.Any invasion of the body by a foreign substance or pathogen automatically triggers an immune response. In very simple terms, the body produces what are called cytokines. Cytokine are cell-signalling proteins, peptides, and glycoproteins and are molecules that message the presence of any substance or pathogen they see as an invader. Cytokines are one of the first steps in the innate immune system, and can trigger the production of other cells, biochemicals, hormones, and other immunological responses that attack and work to remove the threat. How they mark and target invaders and initiate production of the various types of immunological response is still not very well known.
What molecule is connected to the surface of pathogens?
An antigen is a molecule that is located on viruses, bacteria, cancer cells, and other pathogens. An antigen is very specific to each pathogen. A flu antigen is different from a pneumonia antigen, and an HIV antigen is different from a measles antigen. I like to think of an antigen as a lock, understanding that all locks are different and very specific. The key that fits these antigen locks is called an antibody. Antibodiesare found on certain types of white blood cells that our body produces. Antibody-producing white blood cells are called lymphocytes. Lymphocytes travel around our body and attach antibodies to pathogen antigens. Once an antigen has an antibody attached to it, phagocytes attack the pathogen, engulf it, and kill it. Sometimes the antibody disables the pathogen so that it cannot reproduce or release toxins.SourceBYU Course BIOL 049 Lesson 3
Which part of a virus do the chemicals from white blood cells lock onto?
i think it's called antigen
Why will a certain virus will attach to only one or a few types of cells?
Virus attachment is dependent upon the cell surface receptor that can interact with the protein on the virus surface. The interaction is akin to a lock and a key. The key is the protein on the virus, and the lock is the cell surface receptor. A key will only get into the correct lock.
Explain why a certain virus will attach to only one or few types of cells?
Virus attachment is dependent upon the cell surface receptor that can interact with the protein on the virus surface. The interaction is akin to a lock and a key. The key is the protein on the virus, and the lock is the cell surface receptor. A key will only get into the correct lock.
How are cells organised in your body?
Your cells work by the blood. The blood pumps around your body and goes into the cells and that's what keep's you smart and once there pumped into your cells they lock the cells and make you very intelligent
How does the immune system fight a virus?
T cells compare non-self antigens to HLA (human leukocyte antigens) molecules with proteins the system already knows are its own. Your T-cells don't react to your HLA because of tolerance but are not tolerant to the HLA proteins of someone else. Thus, when there is a non-self system in your body (i.e.: after a transplant), your T-cells will begin a cell-mediated immune response against it, considering them foreign.
Why will a certain virus attach to only one or a few cell types?
Virus attachment is dependent upon the cell surface receptor that can interact with the protein on the virus surface. The interaction is akin to a lock and a key. The key is the protein on the virus, and the lock is the cell surface receptor. A key will only get into the correct lock.
How do common cold virus reproduces?
Ok, the common cold virus has little things around it that look like keys. The virus enters your respiratory tract, like the nose or mouth and goes to a cell, the little key-things try to open big proteins on a cell tha looks like a lock then, the molecules or organelles in a cell welcome the virus. When the virus enters the nucleus of the cell it goes to a "factory" and it uses our DNA to copy its own DNA, and it keeps reproducing until there are millions of them but luckily we have our immune system, white cells, and they "eat" the virus.
Will an antibody produce against the influenza virus lock onto a common cold virus?
No because an antibody is produced for that specific pathogen. An antibody produced against influenza will not lock onto a common cold virus because the binding site on the virus is different compared to that of an antibody.
Why are virus's protein important?
They form the capsid that encloses the genetic material and retroviruses contain the protein enzyme reverse transcriptase. Also the proteins, especial glycoproteins, are the key that enters the lock of a cells protein markers.
Why are the virus proteins important?
They form the capsid that encloses the genetic material and retroviruses contain the protein enzyme reverse transcriptase. Also the proteins, especial glycoproteins, are the key that enters the lock of a cells protein markers.
I have made an excel sheet and want to lock certain cells to where they can not be typed in. Is there a way to do this to where I type in some cells and lock other cells?
Change the cell formatting to unprotect for the cells in which you want to type.Turn on protection for the entire sheet.
What is unprotected cell in Excel?
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