Blood

A blood test performed on whole blood to determine the percentage of red blood cells in the total blood volume is called a hematocrit test. It measures the proportion of red blood cells to the total blood volume, providing insights into a person's overall blood health and can help diagnose conditions such as anemia or polycythemia. The results are typically expressed as a percentage.

If a person loses platelets in their body, a condition known as thrombocytopenia, they may experience an increased risk of bleeding and bruising. Symptoms can include frequent nosebleeds, prolonged bleeding from cuts, and petechiae (small red or purple spots on the skin). Severe cases can lead to internal bleeding, which can be life-threatening. It's important for individuals with low platelet counts to seek medical attention for appropriate evaluation and treatment.

Infections can enter the body through several routes, including direct contact with contaminated surfaces or infected individuals, inhalation of airborne pathogens, and ingestion of contaminated food or water. Additionally, breaks in the skin, such as cuts or insect bites, can allow pathogens to enter the bloodstream. Other routes include mucous membranes, such as those found in the eyes, nose, and mouth. Each route presents different risks and mechanisms for disease transmission.

When the cytoplasm of a red blood cell loses water to its surroundings, the cell is said to be "crenated." This process occurs when the cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside. As water exits the cell to balance solute concentrations, the cell shrinks and develops a scalloped appearance.

Fluids used to replace blood volume include crystalloids (such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution) and colloids (like dextran or hydroxyethyl starch). Crystalloids are typically used for initial resuscitation in cases of dehydration, shock, or trauma, while colloids may be employed in situations requiring more sustained volume expansion, such as severe hemorrhage or when rapid restoration of intravascular volume is necessary. The choice between these fluids depends on the clinical scenario, patient condition, and desired hemodynamic effects.

No, hemoglobin electrophoresis does not require fasting. The test can be performed at any time and is typically done using a blood sample, which does not necessitate fasting beforehand. However, it's always best to follow any specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider.

ACDA stands for Acid-Citrate-Dextrose-A, a type of anticoagulant solution used in blood collection. It is primarily used for preserving blood components, particularly in blood donation and transfusion processes. The combination of citric acid, citrate, and dextrose helps prevent clotting while providing nutrients to the blood cells.

500cc of blood is equivalent to 500 milliliters, which is about one pint. This volume represents approximately 10% of the average adult human's total blood volume. In medical contexts, 500cc is often used as a standard measure for blood donations or transfusions.

In the United States, a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08% is generally the legal limit for intoxication for drivers aged 21 and over. For commercial drivers, the limit is lower at 0.04%. Some states have zero-tolerance laws for drivers under 21, meaning any detectable alcohol can lead to penalties. However, individual state laws may vary, so it's important to be aware of local regulations.

Yes, hemoglobin levels can decrease with age, particularly in older adults. This decline may be due to various factors, including decreased red blood cell production, changes in iron metabolism, and chronic health conditions. However, while some aging individuals may experience lower hemoglobin levels, it is not a universal phenomenon and can vary widely among individuals. Regular monitoring and consultations with healthcare providers are essential for managing any potential issues related to hemoglobin levels.

Yes, red blood cells (RBCs) contain unique components, primarily hemoglobin, which is responsible for oxygen transport. Hemoglobin is a specialized protein that binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it in tissues. Additionally, the cell membrane of RBCs has specific proteins, such as blood group antigens, that determine blood types (e.g., A, B, AB, O), distinguishing them from other cell types.

Plasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter, alongside solid, liquid, and gas. It consists of ionized gas in which a significant portion of the particles are charged, allowing it to conduct electricity and respond to magnetic fields. Plasma is commonly found in stars, including the sun, and in artificial environments such as fluorescent lights and plasma TVs.

200 cc (cubic centimeters) is equivalent to 200 milliliters. In terms of blood volume, this amount is roughly 7 ounces, which is a small fraction of the average adult's total blood volume, typically around 5 liters (or about 5000 cc). Therefore, 200 cc represents about 4% of an adult's total blood volume.

High levels of immature granulocytes in the bloodstream typically indicate an ongoing inflammatory response, often due to infection, stress, or bone marrow stimulation. These cells are precursors to mature granulocytes, which play a crucial role in the immune system. Their elevation can suggest an acute condition or a reaction to various stimuli, necessitating further investigation to determine the underlying cause. In clinical practice, this finding is often used alongside other laboratory results to assess a patient's health status.

A trace of leukocyte esterase in urine typically indicates the presence of white blood cells, suggesting a potential infection or inflammation in the urinary tract. It can be a sign of conditions such as a urinary tract infection (UTI) or other inflammatory processes. However, trace levels may not always indicate a significant issue and should be interpreted in conjunction with other symptoms and test results. Consulting a healthcare provider for further evaluation is advisable if there are concerns.

Controlling red blood cell loss during surgery is crucial to minimize the risk of complications such as anemia and ensure optimal patient recovery. Strategies include using meticulous surgical techniques to reduce bleeding, employing hemostatic agents, and utilizing cell salvage systems to recycle the patient's own blood. Additionally, preoperative optimization of hemoglobin levels and intraoperative monitoring can help maintain adequate oxygen delivery. Implementing these measures can enhance patient outcomes and reduce the need for blood transfusions.

If you lie when donating blood, it can have serious consequences for both you and the recipient of the blood. Lying about your health or medical history can lead to the transfusion of contaminated blood, which can harm the recipient or even be life-threatening. It is important to be honest when donating blood to ensure the safety of both the donor and the recipient.

"Hemoglobin" is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. "Ur ql large" is likely a medical abbreviation that stands for "urine qualitative large," indicating a large amount of hemoglobin in the urine. This could be a sign of various medical conditions, such as kidney disease, urinary tract infections, or hemolytic anemia. Further medical evaluation is necessary to determine the underlying cause.

Oh, my friend, that's quite an interesting question! But remember, it's important to appreciate nature's creatures in their own unique way. Mixing wolf blood with a human could have harmful effects, as our bodies are not designed to handle such combinations. Let's stick to creating beautiful art and leaving nature's creations just as they are.

When a red blood cell matures it pushes out its nucleus. Its internal structures go through a shape change, giving the cell a discoid form, bi-concave, depressed centrally on both sides but not so much that the depressions meet to form a hole.

The technical term for a doughnut shape is 'torus'. A red blood cell is 'toroid' or 'a toroid' or 'toroidal'. Perhaps one could say it was a 'closed torus'.

This shape allows for more surface area to bind oxygen and carbon dioxide during gas exchange. The cells distinct form also makes the cell more flexible so that it can get through the smaller blood vessels.

A below low normal anion gap, also known as a negative anion gap, may indicate the presence of additional unmeasured cations in the blood, such as magnesium or calcium. This can occur in conditions like multiple myeloma or paraproteinemia, where there is an excess of positively charged proteins. It is important to further investigate the underlying cause of the negative anion gap through additional laboratory tests and clinical evaluation.

I sent an email to them and this was their response (South Africa)

Bovril is a blend of Beef & yeast extract

The yeast is derived from spent brewer’s year blended with beef extract

The thickener which is used in Bovril is not oxblood; it is derived from carrageenan, a natural ingredient made from seaweed

Bovril is Bovril is not certified Halaal and Kosher due to a component in the beef extract which is not Halaal- and Kosher suitable.

Well, darling, your heart doesn't shoot blood like a water gun at a summer BBQ. It pumps blood through your arteries and veins, reaching every nook and cranny of your body. So, to answer your question, your heart can shoot blood as far as it needs to keep you alive and kicking.

To correct low blood volume, the primary method is to replace fluids through oral hydration in mild cases, or intravenous (IV) fluids in more severe situations, often including isotonic saline,

Taken by itself, without the benefit of a history and physical, a high abs mono result on a CBC has no meaning. Talk with your health care provider about whether this finding has clinical significance in your particular case.