Assyria and (later) Babylonia.
Many more than 5 empires conquered the Hebrews. See the inexhaustive list below: Egyptians Babylonians Persians Assyrian-Greeks Romans Muslims Spain Nazis Bolsheviks
I believe that the first ancient Jewish king was King Saul.
Jerusalem is the center of the modern Jewish and ancient homeland.
Cyrus the Great.
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Roughly 6.2 million Jewish people were murdered overall. In the camps and everywhere else the Nazis conquered.
He spoke out about the Jewish elders and said they were not following the will of God but rather their own will and forcing it upon the people.
Jewish genocide was attempted by many people, including:The Ancient EgyptiansThe Ancient PersiansThe Catholic ChurchThe KossacksThe Nazis
The Romans did not conquer anything in 1948.
The Jewish courts.See also:Life in ancient Israel
The Romans conquered Judah and renamed it Judea. They kept strict control over Judea. The Jews were allowed to have Jewish kings and religious leaders, but these kings and leaders were appointed by Rome.
Well, Germany was responsible, but every nation that Germany conquered had it's Jewish population killed or put in concenration camps after they were conquered.