Valence electrons
Valence electrons-electrons that are farthest from an atoms nucleus- are the electrons that form bonds with other atoms.
covalent bonds
Metals lose electrons, nonmetals gain electrons.
In most compounds, valence electrons are involved in forming bonds.
Non-metals
In general, it is a valence electron that an atom makes available to form chemical bonds.
It is done by Non-metals and metalloids.They form anions
electrons
Covalent bonds are bonds formed by the sharing of electrons.
Carbon will normally form four covalent bonds.These are normally one of several possible hybridizationsof the s and p orbitals.
valence electrons
Hydrogen bonds with hydrogen bond acceptor atoms such as Oxygen. Covalent bonds with nearly anything.