It is mild steel. Older U.S. steel was very good quality, the newer imported (Chinese) steel has had some very serious quality control issues.
As you may guess, in cold weather the rail is under a lot of stress, very taught, a flat spot the size of a 50 cent piece on a rail car wheel can cause breaks in the rail at 0 degrees or colder.
The first cold snap in the winter will find dozens of hidden defects in rail, the additional stress will cause it to break and pull apart. sometimes those gaps on a pull apart will be several feet long.
Rail can get rough much like a gravel road and occasionally needs resurfaced, they use highly specialized grinder trains that smooth and reshape the surface of the rail.
Standard rails are 39 feet long, mostly because the original flat cars were 40' and that is the length early rail plants were set up for, newer welded rail is delivered in 1/4 mile increments, it is not installed with expansion joints, the rail is anchored solidly enough the that expansion is (theoretically) confined to vertical movement rather than horizontal and lateral.
Older bolted rails are still recycled, they are picked up, sent to a welding plant where the ends are cut off, they are magna fluxed for defects and welded into CWR (continuous welded rail) and installed in sidings or lighter density lines.
"Rail detector" cars are typically ran over a system several times a year looking for defects before the rail can break and cause derailments. It uses magna flux and ultra sound detection. I've never heard of a plasma detector, must be something new, interesting.
C-Mn steel
The key element in railway lines depending on the railway line is, occasionally copper, magnesium and stainless steel.
ballast of good quality, sleepers made up of concrete
steel
Iron is rarely used anymore in railway lines. Steel is used mostly now because it is very flexible and is less vulnerable to cracking and chipping.
The most highly recommended type of binding wire used to bind steel is stainless steel binding wire. Annealed steel wires and galvanized steel wire can be used as well.
No. Railway tracks are only the rails and ties/sleepers and hardware used to hold the track in place. A railway line is a set of tracks designed to move a train between at least 2 points. A railway line can consist of many tracks.
Steel. Tin cans are really mostly steel.
Line wrench
mostly railway and vehicles were used in 2000
Im not sure, but a medium to high steel type for sure. im trying to find more info for sure the type, but if you´re wondering what kind of metal it is, its steel . Edit: It is steel, but more specifically I'm almost certain it's mangalloy. It's very resistant to high impact stress from the constant impact from the train wheels.
Yes, in common with all metals, stainless steel is a conductor, but it is not widely used as such. There are some, specialist, applications -such as stainless steel coatings to railway conductor rails.