The ark is always positioned so that the congregation in the synagogue faces the Temple Mount. In the UK, this means south and slightly east.
It is placed in the front in the synagogue.
In a synagogue, the ark is always placed at the front of the congregation. Because Jews pray facing Jerusalem, the ark is placed with its back toward Jerusalem and the opening facing the congregation.
It's the back of the ark that faces Jerusalem. It's positioned this way so that the congregation faces Jerusalem while praying.
The ark is at the front, facing the congregation, as hinted in the Zohar, on Numbers end of ch.10. the back of the ark faces Israel, so that the congregation will be facing Israel, as per 1 Kings ch.8 (Talmud, Berakhot 30a).
It faces Jerusalem.
The ark (where the Torah is traditionally kept) in a synagogue is always positioned in such a way that worshippers face east, towards Jerusalem. This is because Jerusalem is the Holy City were the original Torah was kept in the sacred Temple before the Roman's destruction. Now all that is left is the Wailing/Western Wall. Thus, sanctuary seating plans in the Western world generally face the east, while those synagogues east of Israel face west.
Towards Jerusalem (1 Kings ch.8).
The sanctuary, where prayer services are held is the most important room, and within the sanctuary, the two most important places are the bimah, the raised platform from which the Torah is read, and the ark, the chest where the Torah scrolls are stored when not in use. It's fair to say that the ark is the most important place. Certainly, the ark is the focus of the sanctuary.
The ark is at the front, facing the congregation, as hinted in the Zohar, on Numbers end of ch.10. the back of the ark faces Israel, so that the congregation will be facing Israel, as per 1 Kings ch.8 (Talmud, Berakhot 30a).
The Ark is placed in the front of a synagogue, so that the congregation is facing it while praying. The Torah is kept in there. The purpose of all of this is to represent Mt. Sinai, more specifically the Revelation at Mt. Sinai. Jews ascend to the Ark and withdraw Torah Scrolls in a renewing enjoyment of receiving the Divine Word. In a certain way, the Jews are reliving again and again what is in their mind "the Best Day of History". Also, it acknowledges the Divine Origin of the Law as opposed to it being a man-made institution.
In a synagogue the holy Ark is always in front of the sanctuary - so that everybody faces the ark while praying. It is considered impolite the turn ones back to the ark which houses the holy Torah scrolls. In the USA the ark will be in the East, as Jews pray facing Israel and Jerusalem. (In Jerusalem they pray facing the Temple Mount.) Answer 2 Throughout the world, the Holy Ark in every synagogue is positioned such that the worshipers, as they face the Ark, will be facing Jerusalem. We always face Jerusalem in prayer (Talmud, Berakhot 30a), because God's presence dwelt there (1 Kings ch.8). Jerusalem is the center of Judaism. It is important to Jews because it was chosen by God (Zechariah 3:2). It was the site of the Akeidah (Binding of Isaac, in Genesis ch.22) and was later the seat of the Davidic Kings, when King David, Israel's greatest king, founded the dynasty that ruled Judah for much of its history, making Jerusalem the capital of the United Kingdom of Israel during his reign and that of his son, King Solomon. Most importantly, it was the location of the First and Second Temples, where offerings were made to God and where His presence dwelt in the Holy of Holies (1 Kings ch.8) and was manifested in a number of miracles (Mishna, Avot ch.5).
There is no such thing as a "Hebrew Church". The Jewish religion does not have churches or an "overseeing" body, the way Christian religions do. Judaism is not an "organized" religion in the way that the Church is organized. If the question is asking what the Jewish house of worship is, it is called a synagogue. To learn more about Jewish Houses of Worship, please see the Related Question below.