Commonwealth v. Hunt, 45 Mass. 11, 4 Met. (1842) was a case that departed unexpectedly from the anti-labor sentiments of the 19th-century. Chief Justice Lemuel Shaw ruled that a group of workers banded together to protect common interests was not a criminal conspiracy.
Unfortunately, while the case is interesting and unusual, it is not often cited as case law because decisions in higher courts, such as the US Supreme Court, contradicted the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court opinion.
Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court was created in 1692.
In Commonwealth v. Hunt, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled in 1842 that that labor combinations (labor unions) were legal provided that they were organized for a legal purpose and used legal means to achieve their goals. Prior to that the legality of such organizations was uncertain.
The Supreme Court of the United States is head of the Judicial branch.
chief justice of the Supreme Court
Justice
The Judicial Branch has judicial authority which is the Supreme court.
leads the judicial branch
The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
Chief Justice John Roberts.
supreme court justice
Courts and justice departments as well as the Supreme Court.
Judicial Branch.