Mehmend II, the sultan who besieged and conquered Constantinople, undertook the revitalisation of the city. He repaired the damaged infrastructure, began the construction of the Grand Bazaar, and built the sultan's residence, the Topkapı Palace. He urged of those who had fled the city during the siege to return, and settled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of of the Ottoman territories in the city.
the Cathedral of Saint Sophia
The Fall of Constantinople was the capture of Constantinople of the Byzantine Empire which occurred after a siege laid by the Ottoman Empire, under the command of Sultan Mehmet II El-Fatih.
In 1453, the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed II successfully captured Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. This event marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and the beginning of Ottoman rule in the region, as well as the fall of one of the most significant cities in the medieval world.
uniting the ottoman empire under an efficient government structure
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The Ottomans were the responsible for the conquest on the 29 May 1453. Specifically, Sultan Mehmed II el-Fatih (the Opener/Conqueror) of the Ottoman Empire was the leader who broke the defenses of Constantinople and brought it under Ottoman control.
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The Ottoman Empire defeated The Byzantine Empire on May 29,1453
The Byzantines were officially defeated after the fall of Constantinople in 1453 to the forces of Sultan Mehmed II under the Turkish Ottoman Empire. The siege went on from April 6 to May 29. The Venetian navy from the West did attempt to reinforce the region, but could not get access to the port due to the Ottoman Navy standing in their way.
The Ottomans began their final siege of the city of Constantinople on 2 April 1453, attacking in waves. On 29 May 1453 the Ottomans, under the command of Sultan Mehmed II, conquered Constantinople. The city was renamed Istanbul, and it remained capital of the Ottoman Empire until the empire's dissolution in 1922.
Muslims conquered all areas of the Byzantine Empire. Under the Rashidun Caliphate, the Byzantine Empire lost the Levant, Egypt, North Africa, and eastern Anatolia. Under the Ottoman Sultanate, the Byzantine Empire lost western Anatolia, the Balkans, and Constantinople.
The capital of "New Rome" was Constantinople, formerly Byzantium, now Istanbul. The port city of Byzantium is at farthest southeastern point of Europe, adjacent to Asia Minor. The city was selected for its position controlling the Straits of Bosporus. Since the city was established under the instructions of the Roman Emperor Constantine I the Great, it was renamed in his honor as Constantinople and survived the Ottoman Empire (1922 AD) although since 1453 it had a second name given by its Ottoman Turk conquerors, which was Istanbul.