The Abbasid Caliph Abu Jaafar al-Mansour.
Baghdad (currently is the capital of Iraq)
Damascus was the capital of the Uymmad Caliphate, the caliphate before the Abbasid one. The first capital of the Abbasid Caliphate was Kufa, then Baghdad, then Samarra, and then Baghdad once more (all four cities located in Iraq).
The Abbasid Dynasty
Abbasid caliphate -- Baghdad Ummayyad Caliphate- Cordoba
when the invading Mongol armies captured the Abbasid capital of Baghdad.
The Abbassid Caliphate capital was moved to BAGHDAD, IRAQ, because Syria had an Umayyad power-base and Baghdad was much closer to Persia, which was the Abbassid power-base.
In 762 AD, the Abbasid Caliphate under Al Mansur built a new capital at Baghdad.
They moved the capital from Damascus to Baghdad for the benefits of better control of trade routes and information.
Baghdad is located in the Middle East region, specifically in Iraq. It is the capital and largest city of Iraq.
The abbasid caliphs built a huge standing army; they encouraged all people to take part in government; and moved the capital to Baghdad.
The Abbasids moved their capital to Baghdad because they wanted to move it closer to Damascus during the time when Umayyad's capital was Damascus. In which means that the Abbasid empire wants to overthrow the Umayyad empire.
The city of Samarra was founded by the Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tasim in 836 CE. He chose Samarra as the new capital of the Abbasid Caliphate due to its strategic location and to escape the political and social unrest in Baghdad.