The US. Only the US was bombing North Vietnam. Although American and Australian men 'o war were bombarding North Vietnam along their coastline.
North Vietnam
If you mean who the enemy was, it were the: North Vietnamese Army Vietcong Khmer Rouge and the Pathet Lao While the "Main Enemies" Were the vietcong and the north vietnamese army.
North Vietnam
The US and North Vietnam .
The US helped the SOUTH Vietnamese. The North was the enemy!
To kill as many enemy soldiers as possible
The South Vietnamese referred to Communists LIVING in "South Vietnam" as the Viet Cong. Not to be confused with enemy soldiers entering South Vietnam FROM North Vietnam, the NVA (North Viet Army).
Direct combatants were the NVA & VC. Indirect suppliers to the enemy were the Soviets/Chinese Communists (Chicom).
The Vietnam War was fought in North and South Vietnam. The main belligerents were the South Vietnamese and the United States against the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong.
Vietnam wasn't affected; SOUTH Vietnam was affected. NORTH Vietnam may not have been sprayed, but parts of the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Cambodia/Laos may have caught some of it. SOUTH Vietnam is where the vegetation was...that's were the enemy was hiding...that's where the forests and jungles had to be destroyed...to uncover the enemy...and keep him from remaining hidden. If the enemy was hiding and using forests and jungles in NORTH Vietnam...the US simply bombed the heck out of those areas. The place looked like the moon (all bomb craters!).
The enemy was hard to find in the jungles of South Vietnam. The answer is jungles.
Well, for one thing, North Vietnam no longer existed after the war. There was only "a Vietnam." Secondly, the former "North" Vietnam was the victor during the war...and the victor seldom needs economic aid. And third, the victor was a communist enemy during the cold war...the Commander in Chief, President Nixon, in all probability wouldn't have aided and abetted the enemy.