Amongst ancient Jews, it's probably a tie between Avraham and Moshe (Moses). Amongst modern Jews, my vote is Albert Einstein.
Jesus
Jebus
a Jew.
Jesus Christ
The most famous Jew to live in an Arab land was Maimonides.
probably Rudolf Vrba.
David Beckham's mother is Jewish so technically he's also Jewish, and a little bit famous :)
kilu mamo
The late Sammy Davis, Jr.
There are several such films, but the most famous is DER EWIGE JUDE usually translated as THE ETERNAL JEW.
Moses.
yes, he was a Jew as most of conquistors and even Columbus