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Phosphorus has three unpaired electrons spread over its three 3p orbitals.

Sulphur (thank you for the old-fashioned British spelling!) has one more electron, so that one must be paired with another in the same 3p orbital. That means it will be repelled slightly, making it easier to remove.

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Q: Why 1st ionization energy decreases from phosphrous to sulfur?
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Related questions

Why does oxygen have a higher energy than sulfur?

In group 6A, oxygen is at the top and sulfur is below oxygen. Ionization energy decreases going down a group. groups run vertically


Does Sulfur has a lower ionization energy than chlorine?

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Firstly, you have to be familiar with the electron orbitals and how they fill. If you consider sulfur, you will notice that there are two electrons in its px orbital but only one in each of its py and pz orbitals. The two electrons in the px orbital are at different energies( one is higher than the other) and thus tend to repel each other. This repulsion causes the electrons to lose energy due to the fact that they are moving away from the nucleus and thus their attraction is lower. Therefore, the ionization energy decreases.


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What are the effects of sulfur and phosphorus in steel?

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