I believe that it is ionic because PCl5 loses a Cl- ion, and you have two charged parts: PCl4+ and Cl-.
wikipedia says PCl4+ PCl6-
this is correct- the reason that the molecular form is not favored is probably explained by the substantial "gain" in lattice energy moving to an ionic form from a molecular form with weak intermolecular bonds. Also packing of the PCl5 molecules would be less efficient compared to that of the ionic solid with a mix of 4 and 6 coordinate species.
Phosphorus pentachloride consists of PCl4+ PCl6- in the solid. Solid PF5 is molecular , solid PBr5 is ionic but contains PBr4+ Br-. The reasons for the anomalous behaviour of these compounds are not documented in text books
because in solution of polar solvent PCl5 undergoes autoionization .
ionic, [PCl4]+ [PCl6]-
In the solid PCl5 is ionic PCl4+ PCl6- In the gas and liquid phases molecular PCl5 is present which does not have a permanent dipole moment. The intermolecular force is a london dispersion force.
+5 oxidation state
The structures for the phosphorus chlorides are invariably consistent with VESPER theory. The structure of PCl5 depends on its environment. Gaseous and molten PCl5 is a neutral molecule with trigonal bipyramidal . The hypeRVALENT nature of this species can be explained with three-center four-electron bonding model. This trigonal bipyramidal structure persists in non-polar solvents, such as CS2 and CCl4.In the solid state PCl5 is ionic, formulated PCl4+ PCl6−.
The name of the compound PCl5 is phosphorus pentachloride.
ionic, [PCl4]+ [PCl6]-
PCl5 Phosphorous pentachlorideP for Phosphorous and 5 Cl for chloride= PCl5 College Chemistry student
In the solid PCl5 is ionic PCl4+ PCl6- In the gas and liquid phases molecular PCl5 is present which does not have a permanent dipole moment. The intermolecular force is a london dispersion force.
+5 oxidation state
The structures for the phosphorus chlorides are invariably consistent with VESPER theory. The structure of PCl5 depends on its environment. Gaseous and molten PCl5 is a neutral molecule with trigonal bipyramidal . The hypeRVALENT nature of this species can be explained with three-center four-electron bonding model. This trigonal bipyramidal structure persists in non-polar solvents, such as CS2 and CCl4.In the solid state PCl5 is ionic, formulated PCl4+ PCl6−.
PCl5 is covalent in the vapour phase with a trigonal biyramidal shape. It is ionic in the solid consisting of PCl4+ PCl6- In solution it can be covalent or ionic depending on the solvent.
The oxidation state of phosphorous in PCl5 is +5.The valence shell has 5 electrons.It therefore cannot increase its oxidation state more than 5.Therefore PCl5 cannot act as a reducing agent as it cannot donate electrons.The oxidation state can be decreased to +3 by gaining electrons. There for PCl5 can act as a oxidizing agent.A example is given below along with the change in oxidation states of phosphorous.
Phosphorus pentachloride (PCL5)
The name of the compound PCl5 is phosphorus pentachloride.
PCl5 -----> PCl3 + Cl2
Yes, PCl5 is a binary molecular compound.
PCl5