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Because if the same amount of genetic material is present, then the individual has all the correct material for normal development. In this case it is called a "balanced translocation" or BT. If there is extra genetic material (duplications) or of some of it is missing (deletions) then the individual most often has problems relating to physical and/or mental development. This is known as an "unbalanced translocation" or UBT. Duplications and deletions of genetic material also often result in miscarriage of the embryo. If the embryo survives, it very often has severe complications. So in cases of repeated miscarriage, it is important for the parents be be tested for possible chromosome issues.

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Q: Why are chromosomal translocations often not a problem?
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What are the four types of chromosomal mutations?

There are four different types of chromosomal mutations: Deletions, Translocations, Duplications and Inversions


What is observed in a karyotype?

A karyotype is basically a chart of the number and structure of chromosomes. They can reveal ploidy differences (missing or additional chromosomes such as trisomy 21) or chromosomal mutations (like inversions, deletions, translocations etc)


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