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The structure of CO2 is like: O=C=O In this structure, the bonded pair of electrons is shown as the lines between oxygen and carbon atoms. So, two electrons from each oxygen atom and four electrons from the carbon atom takes part in the bonding.
When we see a "shorthand" representation of a complex organic molecule, we call this a skeletal formula. We consider the places where the lines "point" or connect and there is "nothing there" in the diagram to be carbon (C) atoms. Carbon atoms sit at the vertices of our diagram, and are implied in the skeletal formula. A link can be found below for more information.
In any given molecule, the atoms will have a specific position with relation to the other atoms in the molecule, and if we draw imaginary lines from the nucleus of one atom to the nucleus of another atom, the lines are going to form angles, which are called bonding angles because they are the result of chemical bonds. For example, the water molecule forms approximately a 120o angle if you trace a line from one hydrogen, to the central oxygen, and then to the other hydrogen.
The lines in a structural formula represent the chemical bonds. These bonds are attractive forces between atoms that allow the formation of chemical substances.
A dashed line represents a hydrogen bond because they are the weakest of the bonds.
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The structure of CO2 is like: O=C=O In this structure, the bonded pair of electrons is shown as the lines between oxygen and carbon atoms. So, two electrons from each oxygen atom and four electrons from the carbon atom takes part in the bonding.
It's to do with stable orbital shells. The number of electrons around the atom "wants" to match the number of protons in the nucleus. Thus, oxygen has eight protons (its atomic number) and it prefers to have eight electrons in its orbitals. Similarly with carbon. However, with carbon monoxide, which only has one carbon and one oxygen atom, the orbitals can be thought to be in resonance and therefore can be represented by three lines between the two atoms. This species is unstable, but not unduly so due to entropy.
Capital C followed by two parallel lines (=) then another capital C. C=C
There are millions of covalently combined compounds. However, the two simplest are water and carbon dioxide. Often represented by Water (H2O) ; H-O-H , and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) ; O=C=O The lines between each atoms indicate the number of COVALENT bonds formed between atoms.
Carbon is triple bonded to oxygen. This leaves 2 lone pairs on both atoms, and accounts for octet rule and 10 electrons eventhough formal charges are broken. :C=O: (three lines in middle for triple bond)
Carbon atoms are arranged in a tetrahedral fashion. Four carbon atoms will form single covalent bonds around the central atom all at the maximum angle away from each other (approx 109 degrees). These four are then joined by a further three carbon atoms again all having single covalent bonds. These bonds just keep forming. Use this link, below, to get a view of it: the black dots represent carbon atoms and the lines are single covalent bonds.In a diamond, the carbon atoms are arranged tetrahedrally.
When we see a "shorthand" representation of a complex organic molecule, we call this a skeletal formula. We consider the places where the lines "point" or connect and there is "nothing there" in the diagram to be carbon (C) atoms. Carbon atoms sit at the vertices of our diagram, and are implied in the skeletal formula. A link can be found below for more information.
In any given molecule, the atoms will have a specific position with relation to the other atoms in the molecule, and if we draw imaginary lines from the nucleus of one atom to the nucleus of another atom, the lines are going to form angles, which are called bonding angles because they are the result of chemical bonds. For example, the water molecule forms approximately a 120o angle if you trace a line from one hydrogen, to the central oxygen, and then to the other hydrogen.
A line structural formula of alkanes would have single lines, which represent single bonds, between the symbols of the carbon and hydrogen atoms, and would show the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule of the alkane. Refer to the related links for illustrations of the first two alkanes, methane, CH4, and ethane, C2H6.
The lines in a structural formula represent the chemical bonds. These bonds are attractive forces between atoms that allow the formation of chemical substances.
The covalent bond. One line is a single bond, two lines between atoms is a double bond and three lines is triple bond