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A capacitor fed winding on a single phase motor produces a phase shifted magnetic field that induces a starting torque in the rotor. Once sufficient RPM is achieved a centripetal switch disengages the start capacitor and, depending on design, switches in a run winding/capacitor, and running conditions are maintained from there.

This is necessary as, without the extra winding, the induced current/magnetic field in the rotor would only be 180 degrees out of phase with respect to the field, and the rotor would not turn. Once the rotor is turning, a constant "slip" is maintained which keeps the rotor turning.

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