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Why did Ethiopian Jews have to go through a special conversion to be recognized as Jews in Israel?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
The conversion ritual required of Ethiopians relates to doubts about their identity.
The "Jewishness" of the Ethiopian Jews has been called into question, although to talk about this today in Israel would be considered very politically incorrect, since Ethiopian Jews have been accepted and integrated into Israeli society. Ultimately, the rabbis decided that they were "real" Jews, but not without controversy. For one, many if not most of the Ethiopian Jews had converted (or perhaps been forced to convert) to Christianity. Power in Ethiopia has been split between Christians and Muslims over much of the last 500 years, and many Jews had to choose sides, while retaining what are often described as "primitive" Jewish traditions. So what remains of the ritual is there ostensibly to cleanse the taint of other religions.
But really, the ritual can most accurately be described as a compromise between a minority of rabbis who don't believe that Ethiopians are "real" Jews, and a majority that has accepted them. The minority - which again is espousing a sort of right-wing view, with the usual issues (and keeping in mind the issue of race, always in the background) - cites modern DNA evidence that conclusively proves that Ethiopian Jews are genetically related to Ethiopians, not Jews, and thus the unlikelihood of the traditional history that identifies Ethiopian Jews as the descendants of the lost tribe of Dan (or alternatively, the offspring of a mating between King Soloman and Queen Sheeba, undocumented in The Bible but an oft-repeated legend in the Ethiopian historical canon).
Despite this controversy, the Ethiopians have status as Jews since 1973 in Israel and almost all 120,000 of them now live there, where they are well-integrated. The ceremony is a last vestige of more draconian requirements from the past (involving ritual circumcisions), and will likely fade into history as about a third of Ethiopian Jews alive today were born in Israel.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
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