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They differed because they were separated by many miles, mountain ranges and seas. The center of the Ashkenazic community 1000 years ago was the Rhineland, and starting with the persecution during the Crusades, it shifted gradually east into Poland and Russia. The center of the Sephardic community was Spain, and after 1492, Sephardic refugees settled across North Africa all the way into the Ottoman Empire and up the Adriatic Sea to Venice. There was always a trickle of communication between these communities, but never enough to prevent cultural or linguistic divergence. They pronounced Hebrew differently, developed different liturgical styles, and different folk customs.

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4y ago

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