Trade to over the importance of farming so the feudal contract broke as more serfs were no longer needed and left to find freedom and work as a merchant of tradesperson. Land was no longer a way to have wealth, money was important do to te fact towns were booming and markets were there, you paid with money not land
France , Italy ,England, and Spain
Italy.
Wealth from trade enabled the people of northern Italy to sponsor learning.
Italy.
young people are not having children
tourism, textiles, steel, and agriculture
Depends on how you measure the wealth.
Phenomenal growth in the transport sector has helped spur Italy's growth.
Italy has one of the lowest birth rates in Europe and the World. It has been declining for years and in 2013 was at it's lowest level in recorded history. At the current time population decline has leveled off due to massive immigration aimed at stemming the decline. The immigration birthrate is higher than the natural birthrate also keeping population from imploding. Population growth is about zero in Italy.
Napoleons Military Blitzkrieg, against the Austrians and Prussian happened in Italy.
Italy
Wealth from trade enabled the people of northern Italy to sponsor learning.