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Because Richmond was the Capital of the Confederacy
The Anaconda Plan was a Northern strategy to seize the Mississippi River, capture Richmond, capital of the Confederacy, capture Chatanooga, a railroad center, and essentially divide it into parts and squeeze it like an anaconda.
McClellan's
The Northern strategy to divide the South into the upper and lower South was successful.
George McClellan
To fight the Confederacy's Army of Northern Virginia throughout the American civil war In addition, it attempted several times to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond.
to capture Richmond the confederate capital
At the start of the war, the Union planned to blockade the southern ports, control the Mississippi River, and capture Richmond, Virginia.
Because Richmond was the Capital of the Confederacy
The Wilderness Campaign was a series of battles for the purpose of clearing the wilderness, before the attempt was made to try to destroy the smaller Confederate Army of Northern Virginia and capture the Confederate capital at Richmond.
While many of the important battles of the Civil War were fought in Northern Virginia, fighting in the rest of the South was quite important. Still, southwest of Washington DC, the Potomac River becomes quite wide and difficult for an army to land. West of Washington, the mountains make it difficult for an army to cross. As a result, the Union Army would mainly enter Virginia near Washington DC. The other reason was that the Confederate Capital was in Richmond, Virginia. The Union wanted to capture Richmond and capture the enemy's capital.
Because Richmond was the capital of the Confederacy, and the seat of government.
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capture of richmond, virginia
Petersburg
Grant's strategy was based on his knowledge that the Army of Northern Virginia should be defeated, not the capture of Richmond. His strategy was also based on the fact that the Union had overwhelming advantages in manpower and materiel resources that the Confederacy could never match. As an aside, US President Lincoln always believed the capture of Richmond was vital. If Grant could defeat Lee's Amy of Northern Virginia, surely Richmond would soon be captured.
It was not especially important. It saved Richmond from the threat of immediate capture. It made Burnside look incompetent. And it added lustre to Robert E. Lee's record.