The presumption is that they will remain chaste.
Yes, women are accepted as pastors in more liberal Lutheran churches.
There is no specific requirement for Lutheran pastors to wear wedding rings. It is a personal choice and may vary among individual pastors. Some pastors may choose to wear wedding rings as a symbol of their marriage, while others may not.
Yes
Some churches have a pastor for three years only, they are called temporary pastors. But smaller churches have pastors serving for many years at that church only they are called permanent pastors.--Some very small churches have pastors that are assigned to a bigger church. These may be associate pastors in bigger local churches, and are assigned to these small churches, whereby they are under the supervision of a senior pastor, and gain experience in being a pastor in their own right. In many places these temporary pastors are called Vicars.
Pastors may be male or female.
They are not paid
In the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) woman are able to be ordained pastors. However in the Lutheran Church Missouri Synod (LCMS) and the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS) woman are not allowed to be ordained pastors.
There's no such thing as a bishop in a Lutheran church. We strictly have pastors, as well as board members who act in the absence of the pastor.
There is no official docrtine on this. Most Lutheran pastors will advise against it. Also, most pastors make an engaged couple undergo premarital couseling before he will marry them. This is to ensure that the two lives together will be healthy, happy and lasting. This would naturally be most effective if it occured before the engaged begin their shared life.
There is no uniform doctrine or statement made by Lutheran churches on Islam; Lutherans nowadays are typically very supportive and tolerant of other religions, including Islam, although like any church regard their own view of religion as "truer" than other views of religion, including Islam. Most Lutheran pastors will have studied the Qur'an at seminary school and are quite knowledgeable on Islam.
Lutheran beliefs are the same as Christian beliefs, other than belief that doing good things gets you into heaven and the sacraments the religions are the same. So in a simple answer they believe homosexuality is wrong.
Bernhard Larsen has written: 'Religion and relations' -- subject(s): Lutheran Free Church, Lutheran Free Church. Pastors' Summer School, Philosophy, Religion