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Any military organization codenames things (especially in time of war) for security purposes. Usually these names are picked off a list of predetermined names, but for some highly secret or high priority projects (which the Manhattan Project was both) special names can be created. The idea is to throw the enemy off the track of important developments or plans.

The British work to crack German codes & cyphers was codenamed Ultra, the US work to crack Japanese codes & cyphers was codenamed Magic, a British secret project that delivered false invasion plans for Sardinia & Greece instead of Sicily using a dead body was codenamed Mincemeat, etc. Every invasion, attack, landing zone, etc. had a codename.

In World War I when the British designed the first motorized armored attack vehicle they codenamed it a Tank so the Germans would not think the work was on a weapon. Now all such vehicles are called Tanks, it is no longer a codename.

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Q: Why did the US code name the atomic bombs?
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