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The short answer is geography.

It was mainly because the wars started on European soil and there is an ocean between US and Europe. Japan started the war in China and some islands in the Pacific, and there is also an ocean between there and the continental US. Also, US is a very large place.

It was (and still is, to a large extent) very difficult to move an army large enough to invade such a big country across that great of a distance. You would have to transport not just soldiers and guns, but also cannons, tanks, trucks, ammunition, fuel, food, medical supplies, and many other things a fighting force needs. This would require a large fleet of ships, which would be noticed from afar, giving US time to prepare making the invasion's chances for success minimal. Germany and Japan probably didn't have enough ships and fuel to pull this off, anyway.

At the time of WWI and WWII there were no weapons with long enough range and enough power to do serious damage to another continent other than an invasion, at least until the atomic bomb, and US beat everyone to the punch with that. A submarine could come to American coast unnoticed, but the submarines at the time were small and could not carry any armament useful against land-based targets.

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Q: Why did the US mainland suffer minimal damage in both World War 1 and World War 2?
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