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why did the reforms introduced by empress dowager cixi and general yuan shigai fail to improve the way china was governed
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The word corpse when translated is shigai.
Eikichi Hashimoto has written: 'Shigai sen'
this is not very specific; you can go into more detail yourself if you want Sun Yat-sen was the person who overthrew the gov when it was weak and without a ruler. he then turned power to the military, specifically, General Shigai. But Shigai did not have much of a gov plan; he tried many different forms, even a new dynasty, but all his attempts failed. This period was more or less a time of Confusion. Then, 2 political parties started to come up: the Nationalists and the Communists. The Nationalist leader was Chiang Kai-Shek, and the Communist leader was Mao Zedong. Eventually, Mao won the struggle adn China became Communist.
Cixi supervised the Tongzhi Restoration, a series of moderate reforms that helped the regime survive until 1911. Although Cixi refused to adopt Western models of government, she supported technological and military reforms and the Self-Strengthening Movement.