Bass clarinets play in orchestras because orchestras sometimes play pieces that are scored for Bass Clarinet, or have bass Clarinet parts in it. One example of a piece like that is The Rite Of Spring, by Igor Stravinsky. It has significant solos and duets by the bass clarinet, and "the show cannot go on" without the bass clarinet. But most pieces, do not have bass clarinet parts, so the bass clarinet is rarely seen in orchestras today.
Always: Bb soprano clarinets and Bass clarinets, sometimes: Soprano A and Eb clarinets, very rarely: other varieties of clarinet (piccolo clarinet, basset horn, basset clarinet, contra alto/contrabass, alto clarinet, etc.)Bb soprano clarinets (the common clarinet) and bass clarinets are always used in orchestras and bands. Orchestra music (bands not as commonly, but still sometimes) frequently call for soprano A and soprano Eb clarinets, so usually Bb players learn an alternate clarinet and play it when they're not playing the normal Bb part. Other kinds of clarinets, such as basset clarinet, tenor clarinet, and basset horn, are rarely used (not never used, just not nearly as commonly.) Alto clarinets are used much more frequently in bands than in orchestras.
Clarinets play in treble clef.
Go to the person that fixes bass clarinets
The cello is mainly played in orchestras along with violin, viola, and bass.
The most common clarinet is pitched in Bb. There are also clarinets pitched one half step lower, in A. "A" clarinets are used primarily in orchestras, while Bb clarinets are used in orchestras, bands and many other ensembles. Mozart's Clarinet Concerto was written for clarinet in A.
Clarinets are used in any and every musical ensemble. Symphonic bands, symphonic orchestras, jazz, marching bands... Some places even have clarinet choirs devoted entirely to the various clarinets.
A normal full orchestra would have all instruments except for saxophone and bass clarinets.
1 Flute 2 Oboes (or optional Clarinets in A) 2 Bassoons (or optional Bass Clarinets in B-Flat) 2 Horns in F Violin Viola Cello Contrabass and i think there's a keyboard instrument.
They're not particularly rare but they may be too expensive for many stores to stock.
A flute
Bass drums are used in marching bands, concert bands, orchestras, rock bands, you name it.
A bass clarinet, like all the different types of clarinets in it's family, have one reed.