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Why do protein synthesis inhibitor a.k.a antibiotics affect bacteria only but not human cells?
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
most of the antibiotics kill or inactivate bacteria by inhibitting the protein synthesis... protein synthesis consists of 'transcription' and 'translation'.. the translation process requiers mRNA and ribosomes.Human(eukaryotic) ribosome is different from bacterial(prokaryotic) ribosome... Antibiotics inhibit the protein synthesis by altering the ribosomal constitution.Since human ribosomes are different from bacterial ribosome,the substances which are harmful to bacterial ribosome doesn't harm human ribosomes.. Thus human cells are immune to antibiotics..
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
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Inhibitor of protein synthesis?
In prokaryotes tetracycline, chloremphenicol can inhibit protein synthesis. Puromycin is an antibiotic that inhibit both prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein synthesis. Each antibiotics has specific mode of action where it inhibits by binding, for example Chloremphenicol block the peptidyl transfer step.
What is inhibitor mean?
Inhibitor may refer to a molecule or a protein or any substance that inhibits a process or a particular other molecules (mostly proteins). Tetracycline can inhibit the protein synthesisin bacteria. Thus we are taking antibiotics as an inhibitor to get cured of bacterial infection.
How do antibiotics affect protein synthesis?
Generally not: antibiotics are essentially antibacterials, that is drugs counteracting bacterial infections like pneumonia, salmonella and the like. The specific mechanism of working of antibiotics depends on the specific drug under examination. Penicillin and its derivatives are bacterial killers: they enters into the bacteria membrane and inhibit basic bacteria life processes. A few of these processes are also related to bacteria proteins syntheses and, under this point of view, these class of antibiotics are also protein synthesis inhibitors. The important think to remember is that they inhibit, among other effects, the synthesis of bacterial proteins, not of the host (generally a human) protein syntheses. Other antibiotics inhibits bacteria multiplication by thwarting bacteria DNA splitting and replication. Also in this case, since many proteins are involved in the DNA replication process, bacteria proteins are involved, but the main antibiotics effect is to inhibit DNA replication.
What process cause the misreading of of bacteria mRNA and the breakup of polysomes?
Aminoglycosides. They're antibiotics, or more specifically protein synthesis inhibitors
What important process is disrupted in bacterial cells when bacterial ribosomes are disabled by antibiotics?
The synthesis of proteins, of course. The ribosomes are the " workbench " on which proteins are synthesized. Without proteins for construction and enzymes the bacteria is in real trouble.
Why can't viruses be treated with antibioticts?
Antibiotics work in ways that would not effect a virus. For example some antibiotics work on the cell wall of the organism. Others block protein synthesis by binding ribosomes. Viruses are merely nucleic acid (RNA and or DNA) and protein. That means antibiotics are ineffective on viruses.
Why does all bacteria ppeform protein synthesis?
All bacteria do perform protein synthesis because it is the process whereby the amino acids are linked together to form the proteins by using the mRNA as the template.
What does a ribosome do for a bacteria?
IT is same in every cell.They engage in protein synthesis
What is peptidation?
Peptidation is a protein synthesis inhibitor. Peptidation is a model based off of RNA selection in the cells of all multicellular organisms.
How does streptomycin kill bacterial cells?
Streptomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor. It binds to the S12 Protein of the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interfering with the binding of formyl-methionyl-tRNA to the 30S subunit. This prevents initiation of protein synthesis and leads to death of microbial cells. Humans have structurally different ribosomes from bacteria, thereby allowing the selectivity of this antibiotic for bacteria. However at low concentrations Streptomycin only inhibits growth of the bacteria by inducing prokaryotic ribosomes to misread mRNA. It is an antibiotic that inhibits both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and is a therefore a useful broad spectrum antibiotic
How protein synthesis occur in bacterial?
Proteins are created from RNA in the ribosomes.
Can camels eat urea?
yes they can.The bacteria in their forstomach use the N of it to synthesis protein.
