If air resistance can be ignored, then both objects are moving under the same force: gravity. The force is directly proportional to the masses of the objects.
Thus if the masses are Mp and Mq
then Gp = k*Mp and Gq = k*Mq where Gp and Gq are the forces acting on the two bodies.
The acceleration of the two objects is inversely proportional to their masses. [F = m*a => a = F/M]
So acc(p) = Gp/Mp = (k*Mp)/Mp = k
and acc(q) = Gq/Mq = (k*Mq)/Mq = k
That is, the acceleration of the two bodies is the same. Consequently, because they start from rest from the same height, they will hit the ground at the same time.
This assumes that air resistance can be neglected.The reason is that both are accelerated at the same rate by Earth's gravitational field - about 9.8 meters per second squared.
Consider that an object that has (for example) 10 times more mass, and will therefore be attracted 10 times as strongly by Earth, also has 10 times as much inertia.
Gravitational acceleration is identical for both.
Most likely because they're the same weight. Objects can have completely different masses and have the same weight.
Dropped objects hit the ground at the same time (as long as they're dropped from the same height) because the acceleration of gravity is constant. On earth, it's 9.8 meters per second (32.2 feet per second) every second.
Assuming that each object is held with its center of gravity at the same height, and that each is dropped cleanly, with no rotation induced, the one whose lowest part is closest to the ground when dropped will hit first.
as done in Galileo's experiment when he dropped a large rock and a feather from a tall tower both hit the ground at the same moment when dropped from the same height.
Gravity.
There are many factors that can affect the time for these objects to drop. The height at which each object is dropped is a factor since the height is proportional to time. if the height at which these objects are dropped are the same, then the time for them to drop to the floor is the same. Since the acceleration due to gravity at sea level is 9.81 m/s^2 for all objects no matter the mass, both objects will accelerate at the same rate which means they will reach the floor at the same rate. All in all, both the pencil and the penny will hit the ground at the same time.
If both objects have similar air resistance factors, they will both hit the ground together.
4 seconds
Yes
381 metres
Assuming they were in a vacuum, if both objects were dropped from th esame height, then both take the same length of time to reach the ground. All masses fall with the same acceleration, reach the same speed in the same period of time, and hit the ground at the same time. Otherwise and if there is an atmosphere or if they are dropped from different heights, you have not presented information; shape and size are the most important factors.
31 m/s