The Dalai Lama is seeking to split Tibet from China.
Chinese Gov't wants to retain the military strategic significance of the Tibetan Plateau (perfect location to protect against nuclear weapon countries like India and Pakistan), Oil resources, Secure it's boundaries, cannot let one territory become independent for fear of becoming another USSR AND the untapped Natural Resources of Tibet.
The Dalai Lama, along with millions of people inside and outside Tibet believes that Tibet is not just a province of China. Tibet is believed to be an autonomous country which was invaded by China. China asserts that Tibet is only an "autonomous region" of China. Beijing dislikes the Dalai Lama because he has the moral authority to convince many, many people that the Chinese version of history is not truthful.
Because the Panchen Lama is the person under the Dalai Lama. The way it works is that that the Dalai Lama is supposed the find the Panchen Lama reincarnation when the Panchen Lama dies and vice versa but the Panchen the Dalai lama selected "went missing" so the Chinese government selected a Panchen Lama who is the current one. But the Dalai Lama when he dies is chosen by the Panchen Lama. But now the Dalai Lama wants to end the Dalai lama with him because that means the Chinese government can choose the Dalai Lama giving them full control of Buddhism
The Chinese Government.
The Dalai Lama is supposed to be a reincarnation of the other Tulkus. The Chinese government uses a number of criteria to find the next Dalai Lama. They look for crows nesting at certain house and follow clues given by the previous Dalai Lama.
Because of the persecution of many Tibetans by the Chinese government.
The Dalai Lama resided in Tibet before exiling to India in 1959 due to Chinese invasion of Tibet.
There is no official Biddhist government, like for the Catholics there is the Vatican. There was the Dalai Lama who ws the spiritual leader. But when the Chinese took over Tibet, particularly Lhasa, the Dalai Lama(s) had to go into exile. Potala Palace which was the home of the Dalai Lama has now been converted to a museum by the Chinese gov't
The Dalai Lama escaped persecution when China invaded his country, annexing it permanently. His followers begged him to go into exile in a safe country.
Due to the Chinese invasion of Tibet the Dalai Lama lives in Dharamsala india
Headed the government
When Tibet was invaded by China, the Dalai Lama went into exile because he--being the leader of Tibet--was viewed as a threat to Chinese authority. He felt he could better help his country if he was free.
The Dalai Lama is the official head of Tibetan Buddhism, and the head of Tibet. Due to Chinese occupation, which began in 1959, the Dalai Lama has been in exile. Tibetan Buddhists believe that the present Dalai Lama is the reincarnation of a Dalai Lama from a past life, who has come back to complete important work.
His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet's name is Tenzin Gyatso. But he has decided to step down. If the government excepts this, he will no longer be the Dalai Lama. He thinks that it will strengthen the government and modernize it. I will be sad but I respect whatever he decides!
To be honest there is no such thing as Dalai Lama religion. The Dalai Lama between the 17th century and 1959 was in fact the title of the head political figure of the Tibetan government as well as the country's foremost religious figure. The current Dalai Lama is the 14th Dalai Lama in the line. However, each new Dalai Lama is chosen as being seen as a reincarnation (born again) of the previous Dalai Lama. The religion you may be thinking of is Buddhism; the religion practiced by the Dalai Lama and his followers.