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The Linux kernel does not run with interrupts disabled. Otherwise none of your hardware nor any pre-emptive multitasking would even work.

In fact, system calls work vie software interrupts. Withour interrupts your applications can't even run.

Every now and then a kernel may want to MASK interrupts, which allows the kernel to ignore certain interrupts if it's too busy or has no need to service them. Or there are non-maskable interrupts, which the kernel cannot ignore. Those are usually interrupts caused by important hardware, such as the system timer, and the CPU itself.

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