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The electrophile in the added reagent will attach to the carbon that has the most number of hydrogen atoms attached to it.
You can either deactivate or activate the group of Ortho para and Meta director groups depending with your preference.
Toluene is an aromatic compound, generally it under goes electrophilic substitution reactions i.e. usually one of the hydrogen, is replaced by an electrophile. It increases the electron density at ortho and para position only not at meta. So electrophile attacks at ortho and para position. Ex. Nitration of Toluene
hydrogen bromide is not the electrophile its bromide ion may act as the nucleophile, in alkyl halide the alkyl group may act as an electrophile.
NO2+ is.
ortho-para in benzene is meaningless these positions are for monosubstituted benzene. Meta is positions 3 and 5. Ortho is position 2 and 6 with relation to already attached group, para is 4 (opposite) to attached group.
Indicator will changes the colour according to H+ ion present in a solution. Reagent : consist of electrophile and nucleophile. It help in the attachment of nucleophile to the electrophile and electrophile to the nucleophile. Mirza
In Reimer- Tieman reaction the electrophile is dichlorocarbene
The positive species which may attack on carbon or a pi bonds are electrophile as Cl+, NO2+ etc. but H+ and Positive metallic ions are not electrophile .
Yes, one of the strongest.
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They differ in the ability of their valance electrons to be removed, ie their polarisable ability. Hard electrophile valance electrons are not easily delocalised (hardly polarisable). Soft electrophile valance electrons are easily delocalised (strongly polarisable).