Answer 1
Until not long ago, there were large Jewish communities in every Middle Eastern country. Because of persecution, they found it necessary to leave most of those countries.
Answer 2
Many of the larger Jewish communities in the Arab World such as Iraq or Morocco constituted hundreds of thousands of Jews. These Jewish communities experienced a great amount of friction with the Muslim majorities in their countries during the Colonial and Post-Colonial Periods. The arrival of the colonizers into the Arab World led to a separation between the Jews and Christians and the Muslims. European Jews and Christians of esteem from Europe began to educate and modernize the Jewish and Christian communities in the Arab World. This brought the Jews and Christians more in line with the colonial governments than with the indigenous Arabs. Jews in the Arab World began to become more regimented and modern. They eventually left the Arab World en masse after the independence of the Arab countries, due to a multiplicity of factors including: pogroms, executions, Anti-Semitic laws, and Anti-Zionist sentiment. (It is important to note that even though many Jews from the Arab World ended up going to Israel, they did not support Zionism as a political movement prior to that point on account of the antagonism it would cause and because many of them held that creating such a state would be blasphemy.)
Yes, primarily in the State of Israel.
Judaism is practiced wherever Jews live. The only country where Judaism is the primary religion is Israel.
Israel.
Israel.
Israel and America.
Yes. Although Judaism is the predominant religion, many religions are practiced in Israel, including Islam.
In Israel, where Judaism is 75% of the population.
Israel.
Israel.
Judaism is practiced all over the world. But the largest concentrations of Jews are in Israel and the United States (mostly in the New York metropolitan area).
In 2010, Judaism is practiced in at least 135 countries of the world. Its adherents number about 0.2% of the world's population. There is no country in the world where Judaism is the official state religion. Yes, I know about Israel. The statement is still true.
Shintoism, Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism. Shintoism is practiced in Japan, Christianity is practiced throughout the world, Judaism is practiced in Israel and Islam is practiced in the Middle East. Hinduism is practiced in India, and Buddhism is practiced in Southeast Asia as well as China.