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Why is Roman political culture still relevant to the world today?
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
It is Roman civilisation which is relevant to the world today, rather than Roman political culture. Roman society, politics and political culture were around up to more than 1,500 years ago and are alien to us now. It is in the fields of architecture, painting, literature, language (the five romance languages, Italian French Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian are languages derived from Latin) writing (western European languages have adopted and adapted the Latin alphabet) history and law, which the Romans have an enduring legacy.
The ancient historian and political writer Polybius interpreted the political system of the Roman Republic as a mixed constitution. By this he meant that Rome had a complex political system which combined elements of three simpler political systems: monarchy (the two consuls who headed the Republic), aristocracy (the senate) and democracy (the popular assemblies which voted on bills and elected the officers of state). He argued that such a complex system was better than the simpler systems because the latter had flaws. Combining various elements of different systems was better because the three parts of the republican system would check each other with the result that no part could abuse power or "degenerate." This ensured stability. Cicero, the famous Roman statesman, endorsed this view.
Some Modern scholars think that Polybius' interpretation of the political system of the Roman republic is not fair because the senate wielded most of the power and the voting role of the popular assemblies was mainly symbolic. However, the 18th century philosopher Montesquieu used Polybius' work to develop his (modern) concept of check and balance of powers, which was used for the US constitution and the constitutions of other modern democracies.
These theories can only be related to the Roman Republic, which fell under the weight on bloody civil wars. The Republic was then replaced by rule by emperors, in which the emperor was the absolute ruler.
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
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