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You'd need to check out history books for details, but basically here's what it boils down to:

There was a civil war in China (at the time formally known as the Republic of China). The Communists won and renamed the nation the Peoples' Republic of China. The leadership of the Republic of China and about 2 million sympathizers retreated/escaped to the island of Formosa and formed a (democratic) government-in-exile there.

Both the RoC and the PRC claim to be the legitimate government of all of China (the mainland and Formosa/Taiwan). This is an extremely touchy subject. The PRC insists that other governments not recognize the RoC as a sovereign nation; most other governments do not OFFICIALLY recognize the RoC as a sovereign nation but treat it as if it were one anyway in every way that matters. For example, the US does not have an "embassy" in Taiwan. Instead there is a "non-profit organization" (operating under the auspices of the United States but not ... officially ... a US government agency) called the American Institute in Taiwan which serves the same functions as an embassy, but which is not ... officially ... an embassy; Taiwan does not have an "embassy" in the United States, but rather maintains the Taipei Economic and Cultural Relations Office which serves the same functions as an embassy but again is not ... officially ... one.

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Q: Why is Taiwan claimed by china but they have a democratic government?
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Was Taiwan as a nation in 1912?

To be precise, the democratic government, as Republic of China(Taiwan) is defeated by the communist government as People's Republic Of China(China), so the democratic government escape to Taiwan, and the communist government create a new country in China -- People's Republic Of China. This word might be a little touchy, but this is the truth.


What are the advantages of Taiwan and what is the government like in Taiwan?

Awesome. Taiwan is democratic Taiwan has good food Taiwanese people are nice Just don't ever say "Taiwan is a part of China" and you'll be fine.


What island country is claimed by China?

Taiwan


How many political parties does China have?

China has 1 major political party: The Communist Party of China, and 8 minor political parties: Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang("Kuomintang" means "China Nationalist Party" in English), China Democratic League, China Democratic National Construction Association, China Association for Promoting Democracy, Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party, China Zhi Gong Party, Jiusan Society, and Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League. All 9 parties are admitted by the government.


How are China and Taiwan government different?

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Which represents the China that the US officially recognizes?

The free democratic island of Taiwan.


Do the Chinese in China know Taiwan is a REAL, INDEPENDENT, and DEMOCRATIC nation?

Yes they do


What countries hate china?

Countries cannot hate one another but the people of that country can hate one another. That being said, Taiwan which is a territory of China does not like China. This is because China's government is the Communist party while Taiwan is a Democratic country.


The government of nationalist China is located on this island?

The Government of Nationalist China is located on Taiwan the island.


What is the dispute between Taiwan and China?

Taiwan(Republic of China) is a democratic country and we have "president".We have presidential election every four years.We can talk about politics freely.In 1971,Taiwan were replaced by China and Taiwan quit to join UN. Even now, China still force many countries not to let Taiwan join the UN. We really want to join the UN. Taiwan always participate in many international meetings so as to let this world know Taiwan. Taiwan's living standard is better than China! However,China(People's of Republic of China) is a country which is ruled by"communists".And citizens in China can't talk about politics.People from Tibet really hate China's government and they burn theirself to show their anger.People from China really admire Taiwan's political system.


Why has Taiwan not claimed independence from cina?

Since the Peoples Republic of China(PRC) has never had actual control of Taiwan, Taiwan does not need to claimed independce from the PRC. Following Japan's victory over the Qing Dynasty in the first Sino-Japanese war, Taiwan was ceded to Japan under the Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895. The Qing Dynasty was overthrown and Republic of China(ROC) was established in mainland China in 1912. At the end of World War II in 1945, Japan surrendered and gave up Taiwan. Meanwhile, because the Chinese Civil War between the ROC and the Communist Party of China is in progress, there was no appropriate representative government of China. As a result, to whom Taiwan should belong to after WWII was never legally decided. However, the ROC lost the civil war and its government fled to Taiwan in 1949. The Communist forces took control of China and founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the same year. Since then, China and Taiwan remained seperated.The PRC is now commonly knowned as China and the ROC is now commonly knowned as Taiwan.


Is Taiwan part of China?

That would depend on what you mean by "China".Taiwan is a part of the geographical and cultural region commonly referred to as China, and is currently administered by the government called Republic of China (ROC), a democratic and free sovereign state that was the historical government of all of the China region from 1912 to 1949. It is not a part of the People's Republic of China (PRC), also known as Communist China, which was founded by Mao Zedong and has ruled mainland China since 1949.The Qing Dynasty was overthrown and Republic of China (ROC) was established in mainland China in 1912.At the end of World War II in 1945, Japan surrendered and gave Taiwan back to China according to Cairo Declaration. ROC then took control of mainland and Taiwan and was recognized as the only legal government in China.Meanwhile, because the Chinese Civil War between the ROC and the Communist Party of China is in progress, the ROC finally lost the civil war and its government fled to Taiwan in 1949. Still ROC claimed that it is the only government on mainland and Taiwan The Communist forces took control of mainland and founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the same year.Since then, Mainland and Taiwan became separate. The People's Republic of China is now commonly known as China and the Republic Of China is now commonly known as Taiwan.That's a complicated issue. The short version is that China says yes and Taiwan says no.Taiwan's government used to be China's government, but it was overthrown by the communists in the 1940s. After the communists took over the Chinese mainland, the nationalists retreated to the island of Taiwan. China's new communist government planned to bring Taiwan under its control as well, but those plans were sidetracked by the Korean War. To this day, China and Taiwan have separate governments, each of which claims to be the only legitimate government of China.So, really, China says yes and Taiwan says yes, they just disagree about which government is the one legitimate government of both the Chinese mainland and Taiwan.