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Why is aneuploidy usually only associated with chromosome 21 or the sex chromosomes?
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A situation in which chromosome number can be represented as either 2n plus 1 or 2n-1 is called?
A situation in which the chromosome number can be represented as either 2n plus 1 or 2n-1 is called aneuploidy. Aneuploidy refers to an abnormal number of chromosomes, either an extra or a missing chromosome, compared to the normal diploid number. This can lead to genetic disorders and developmental abnormalities.
What is considered aneuploid?
aneuploidy usually reslts from non-disjunction (failure to separate) of homologous chromosomes during meiosis (the creation of gametes). It results in an organism having the wrong number of a certain chromosome. The two most common forms are monosomy (only one chromosme eg. Turner syndrome) and trisomy (three of a chromosome eg Down and Klinefelter syndrome) from non-disjunction, the two chromosomes line up at the equater of a cell as an X, ready to separate, but it doesn't, this reults in one egg/sperm having 0 of a chromosome and another will have 2. If the one with 0 then forms a zygote with a normal egg/sperm the zygote could have only 1 chromosome -from the normal egg/sperm. If the one with 2 forms a zygote the zygote will have 3 of the chromosome, 2 from the mutated gamtete and 1 from the normal gamete.
When do chromosome form?
The DNA-protein complex, called chromatin usually folds into characteristic formations called chromosomes. Each chromosome contains a single double stranded piece of DNA. Chromosomes are clearly seen during nuclear division.
In plants and animals an offspring inherits How Many genes?
The number of genes and number of chromosomes inherited depend on the species. The number of chromosomes a species has is known as the chromosome number. For example, (disregarding polyploidy or polysomy) a human baby has 46 chromosomes, but a horse has 64. Chromosomes usually occur as one of a pair in humans, and so they have 23 pairs of chromosomes. However, it is common in plants to have many sets of chromosomes and so they do not occur in pairs, but in triplets, or as sets of 4, 5 or 6 etc. Some species of strawberries have 7 of each chromosome. The number of genes depends on how long the chromosome is, and each chromosome in each different species will have a different number of genes on the chromosome.
Describe and distinguish between replicated chromosomes and homologous chromosomes?
Chromosomes usually occur in pairs in body cells. One chromosome in the pair comes from one parent and the other chromosome comes from the other parent. The two chromosomes are the same size and shape and carry the same genes in the same positions. They are called homologous chromosomes. When cells divide the chromosomes first have to copy themselves (ie replicate). Each homologous chromosome makes a replica of itself, and the original and replica are attached to each other at a region called the centromere.
What happens when a fetus has 3 cromizones instead of 2?
a "normal" human being should have a total of 46 chromosomes. 23 from mom, 23 from dad. if something goes wrong during meiosis, the chromosomes may not be separated normally and a gamete (sex cell, known as sperm or egg) will have either too few or too many chromosomes. this is known as aneuploidy. the effects of aneuploidy on the zygote will vary depending on what chromosomes you are talking about. in the case of chromosome #21, having one extra is called "trisomy 21" which leads to the condition known as down syndrome. chromosome pairs 1-22 are a person's autosomes. the 23rd pair are sex chromosomes. aneuploidy affecting the sex chromosomes can have various effects, depending on what chromosomes are inherited. as you can see, the effects of aneuploidy depend on the specific chromosome number/pair. aneuploidy usually is not fatal.
A situation in which chromosome number can be represented as either 2n plus 1 or 2n-1 is called?
A situation in which the chromosome number can be represented as either 2n plus 1 or 2n-1 is called aneuploidy. Aneuploidy refers to an abnormal number of chromosomes, either an extra or a missing chromosome, compared to the normal diploid number. This can lead to genetic disorders and developmental abnormalities.
What causes monosomy?
The l virus that usually causes mononucleosis is the "Epstein-Barr virus". However it can also be caused by "Cytomegalovirus".
What is considered aneuploid?
aneuploidy usually reslts from non-disjunction (failure to separate) of homologous chromosomes during meiosis (the creation of gametes). It results in an organism having the wrong number of a certain chromosome. The two most common forms are monosomy (only one chromosme eg. Turner syndrome) and trisomy (three of a chromosome eg Down and Klinefelter syndrome) from non-disjunction, the two chromosomes line up at the equater of a cell as an X, ready to separate, but it doesn't, this reults in one egg/sperm having 0 of a chromosome and another will have 2. If the one with 0 then forms a zygote with a normal egg/sperm the zygote could have only 1 chromosome -from the normal egg/sperm. If the one with 2 forms a zygote the zygote will have 3 of the chromosome, 2 from the mutated gamtete and 1 from the normal gamete.
Sex-linked genes are usually found in which chromosome?
Sex linked genes are located on the sex chromosomes.
What does an autosome do in the human body?
An autosome is a non-sex chromosome. It is an ordinarily paired type of chromosome that is the same in both sexes of a species. For example, in humans, there are 22 pairs of autosomes. The X and Y chromosomes are not autosomal. Non-autosomal chromosomes are usually referred to as sex chromosomes, allosomes or heterosomes.
When do chromosome form?
The DNA-protein complex, called chromatin usually folds into characteristic formations called chromosomes. Each chromosome contains a single double stranded piece of DNA. Chromosomes are clearly seen during nuclear division.
In plants and animals an offspring inherits How Many genes?
The number of genes and number of chromosomes inherited depend on the species. The number of chromosomes a species has is known as the chromosome number. For example, (disregarding polyploidy or polysomy) a human baby has 46 chromosomes, but a horse has 64. Chromosomes usually occur as one of a pair in humans, and so they have 23 pairs of chromosomes. However, it is common in plants to have many sets of chromosomes and so they do not occur in pairs, but in triplets, or as sets of 4, 5 or 6 etc. Some species of strawberries have 7 of each chromosome. The number of genes depends on how long the chromosome is, and each chromosome in each different species will have a different number of genes on the chromosome.
Describe and distinguish between replicated chromosomes and homologous chromosomes?
Chromosomes usually occur in pairs in body cells. One chromosome in the pair comes from one parent and the other chromosome comes from the other parent. The two chromosomes are the same size and shape and carry the same genes in the same positions. They are called homologous chromosomes. When cells divide the chromosomes first have to copy themselves (ie replicate). Each homologous chromosome makes a replica of itself, and the original and replica are attached to each other at a region called the centromere.
What can be obseved in a karyotype?
The chromosomes of a cell, usually displayed in a systematized arrangement of chromosome pairs in descending order pf size.
What chromosomes does hemophilia occur on?
Hemophilia is a X linked recessive disorder. Usually the mother is an unaffected carrier and her son unfortunately receives the X chromosome in which hemophilia is linked to.
The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells have more what than do the chromosomes of prokaryotic?
The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells have more DNA than the chromosomes of prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotes usually only have 1 circular chromosome and no "junk DNA", while eukaryotes are multi-chromosomal.
