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Boron has a high nuclear cross section. That means that it easily stop neutrons. Neutrons are necessary for nuclear fission to occur. Boron is used in the control rods, for startup and shutdown control, as well as for low to medium power modulation. It is also used as an emergency criticality control, injected into the core, in the event of failure of the control rods to work. It is also injected into the coolant after a refueling operation to trim reactivity and prevent the new fuel rods from being too reactive.

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Q: Why is boric acid used in nuclear chain reactions?
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