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Hellenistic sculpture was Greek sculpture. It was the sculpture of the Hellenistic period, the last period of the history of ancient Greece. This period spanned from the conquest of the Persian Empire by Alexander the great in 330 BC to the annexation of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, the last of the Hellenistic states, into the Roman Empire.
Alexander's conquests were partitioned, creating three Greek-ruled states in Asia: the kingdom of Pergamon (in western Turkey) the Seleucid Empire (which included most on the rest of Turkey, Persia, Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Judea and Palestine and was centred on Syria) and the Ptolemaic kingdom (Egypt, Cyprus and some territories in Turkey). The Greeks built new towns in these areas where Greeks migrated to, most notably Antioch (in Syria) the Seleucid capital and Alexandria of Egypt, the Ptolemaic capital.
The Hellenistic period was a diffusion of Greek culture to the cities of the eastern Mediterranean and a degree of influence by the conquered peoples on the Greeks of the mainland. Locally, the Greek rulers in Asia, particularly the Ptolemies, adopted customs of the locals to bolster their rule.
In art, Hellenistic (Greek) art followed from classical (Greek) art. Hellenistic art is a term which has been coined by modern historians as a convenient umbrella term to cover a long time period (300 years) and a very wide geographical spread, and therefore a time of great artistic variety.
In many ways, Hellenistic sculpture was an evolution of classical (Greek) sculpture which had become more naturalistic. It depicted real people and produced detailed studies of human anatomy and movement and the counterpoise (where the subjects put most of their weight on one foot, resulting in their shoulders and arms being off-axis from the hips). Hellenistic sculpture accentuated the counterpoise. Some statues had twisted hips. More elaborate postures depicting a greater sense of movement were also made and the poise had great suppleness. Anatomic studies were taken to a greater level of detail. Fine studies of drapery were also developed. Hellenistic sculpture also developed statues which could be observed from all angles. Statues also became more expressive, with a better depiction of emotions.
The rediscovery of Roman marble copies of bronze Hellenistic statues in the city of Rome enormously influenced renaissance sculpture and paintings. Michelangelo was a great admirer of these statues and developed his craft by studying them.
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Edmund von Mach has written: 'Greek sculpture' -- subject(s): Greek Sculpture 'Germany's point of view' -- subject(s): World War, 1914-1918 'A handbook of Greek and Roman sculpture' -- subject(s): Roman Sculpture, Greek Sculpture 'Greek sculpture, its spirit and principles' -- subject(s): Greek Sculpture
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Grekk sculptors sought perfect beauty. Romans wanted a perfect likeness.
Which statement best describes one way that Classical Greek sculpture influenced Roman sculptors?
Greek sculpture influenced the Romans from the 2nd century BC. Prominent 1st century BC and 1st century AD Romans such as Cicero and Pliny the Elder greatly admired the innovative work of classical Greek sculpture artists, such as Polykleitos. However, the Romans did not produce much sculpture based on the classical Greek model. Their sculpture was predominantly portraiture (see below) until , from the 1st century AD, the Romans adopted Hellenistic sculpture, which took sculpture to a different level, as a model for their own sculpture. Prior to the influence of Greek sculpture, Roman sculpture was portraiture sculpture (busts). Their portraiture sculpture is regarded as the best sculpture of this kind ever produced.
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