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A tuber.
That is called a tuber.
The part of the potato plant we eat is called the tuber, which is actually an enlarged underground stem.
potato
Potatoes are considered stems and not roots, because they are the part of the stem of the plant that grows underground, it's the part of the stem that thickens and accumulate starch.
Sweet potato is a type of potato but it is not like potato produce by underground stem but by storage root
ginger , turmeric, potato are different examples of underground stem buds.
It gets its roots from the underground stem of its parent plant.
modified underground stem
Though potatoes grow underground, they are actually modified underground stems and NOT roots. To understand how a stem differs from root, take stem of any plant, you can see lateral buds and leaves growing out of the stem at some points called nodes. The regions between two successive nodes is called internodes. Internodes provide height to the plant. Unlike stems and branches, roots don't have a node/internode pattern of construction. In a potato tuber also, there are small depressions or eyes, which are actually nodes. They contain buds from where new potato plants can grow. When these buds are exposed to warm and moist conditions, they start sprouting. You can actually plant these sprouted potatoes in ground and soon they will grow into plants. If you dig potato plants, you can clearly see that potatoes tubers are connected to the stem using stolons. Root system is separate from the stolons. I have made a complete video explaining this on my educational channel - The Science Girl, you can check that for thorough understanding.
No, we just discussed this in our bio class its actually a tuberous root, not to be confused with the term tuber. Potatoes on the other hand are stems, but there is a difference.
a bulb