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The German horizontal tricolour of (from the top) black, red, and yellow (or 'gold') is today a symbol of liberal democracy, since this was the flag of both the Frankfurt National Assembly of 1848-49 (the first freely elected parliament for all of Germany) and of the democratic German state (generally known as the Weimar Republic) which existed between 1919 and 1933 -- in contrast to the black-white-and-red of the second (1871-1918) and third (1933-45) German Empires as well as the equally black-white-and-red swastika banner which replaced the tricolour as the official flag of Germany in 1935.

Explanations vary as to why these three colours should have been chosen in 1848 (and revived in 1919 and 1949), although it is notable that the banner of the Holy Roman Empire which had governed Germany from 962 until 1806 had been a black eagle with red beak and claws on a golden background.

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Q: Why is the German flag red and yellow and black?
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