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SiesmographEarthquakes generate seismic waves which can be detected with a sensitive instrument called a seismograph. Advances in seismograph technology have increased our understanding of both earthquakes and the Earth itself.Perhaps the earliest seismograph was invented in China A.D. 136 by a m an named Choko.How Do I Read a Seismogram?When you look at a seismogram, there will be wiggly lines all across it. These are all the seismic waves that the seismograph has recorded. Most of these waves were so small that nobody felt them. These tiny microseisms can be caused by heavy traffic near the seismograph, waves hitting a beach, the wind, and any number of other ordinary things that cause some shaking of the seismograph. There may also be some little dots or marks evenly spaced along the paper. These are marks for every minute that the drum of the seismograph has been turning. How far apart these minute marks are will depend on what kind of seismograph you have.Figure 1 - A typical seismogram.So which wiggles are the earthquake? The P wave will be the first wiggle that is bigger than the rest of the little ones (the microseisms). Because P waves are the fastest seismic waves, they will usually be the first ones that your seismograph records. The next set of seismic waves on your seismogram will be the S waves. These are usually bigger than the P waves.Figure 2 - A cross-section of the earth, with earthquake wave paths defined and their shadow-zones highlighted.If there aren't any S waves marked on your seismogram, it probably means the earthquake happened on the other side of the planet. S waves can't travel through the liquid layers of the earth so these waves never made it to your seismograph.The surface waves (Love and Rayleigh waves) are the other, often larger, waves marked on the seismogram. They have a lower frequency, which means that waves (the lines; the ups-and-downs) are more spread out. Surface waves travel a little slower than S waves (which, in turn, are slower than P waves) so they tend to arrive at the seismograph just after the S waves. For shallow earthquakes (earthquakes with a focus near the surface of the earth), the surface waves may be the largest waves recorded by the seismograph. Often they are the only waves recorded a long distance from medium-sized earthquakes.
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A set of final conditions that must be met is an ultimatum. In World War 1, issuance of ultimatums often preceded the declaration of war when the recipient country refused to comply.
There are many ways to reduce the potential for landsliding. This can involve preventing new landslides or re-activation of pre-existing landslides. One of the most important steps to take is to understand the structure of the bedrock (assuming we are talking about a bedrock landslide). Geologic mapping or drilling can reveal the type of bedrock and the orientation of the discontinuities (eg. bedding planes, previous rupture surface). Mainly those slopes that have bedding tilted the same direction as the sloping hillside surface and that are tilted at an angle less than the hill slope angle are likely to generate unstable conditions. From that point there are several measures you can take including: Removal of material from the upslope portions of the unstable areas (to reduce the mass that would provide a driving force). Placement of soil/dirt at the base of the unstable slope to act as a buttress (adding mass to create a resisting force) Reduce the amount of surface water that can percolate through the rock and add weight (i.e. driving force) to the unstable bedrock. This can be done by constructing concrete drainage ditches to collect and divert the water or by covering the slope with an impermeable barrier (i.e. plastic). If this is the main condition that is driving landsliding, you can set-up a system of wells drilled into the unstable material and pump the water out. In some cases, the unstable bedrock material can be removed with heavy equipment and the slope can be rebuilt with the excavated dirt being replaced as compacted fill.
Answer: In Bedrock
It is the recording of a movement caused by an earthquake or explosion is set on a seismograph.
trying to set base timing on a 97 Chevy c1500 with a 5.7 engine the wire to disconnect to set base timing is ?
there is a brown or brown/white wire in the harness near the firewall. it must be disconnected to set base timing
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The data set must be unbiased, the outcomes of the trials leading to the data set must be independent. The data set must be large enough to allow the Law of Large Numbers to be effective.
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A plunge router allows you to start above the material surface and lower (plunge) the bit into the material much like a drill press. A fixed base router must have the bit depth set before turning it on.
To set a hard drive password or the user password you must first set a? Supervisor or Administrator password