Consider the electron configuration for sodium:
[Na] 1s2 , 2p2 2p6 3s1
and sodium ion
[Na]+, has no electrons in the 3rd shell as the 3s orbital is empty due to the loss of the electron.
Therefore, due to the missing orbital, the size of the ion is much smaller than the neutral atom. This is also true with all cations. Anions on the other hand become larger as they become electronegative, due to electron shielding.
Sodium is actually bigger that Chlorine.
Why?
Sodium and Chlorine have the same number of electron energy levels, but since Sodium has fewer protons the pull on its electron energy levels is weaker and that allows Sodium's energy levels to expand more than Chlorine's.
When an atom becomes an ion it will either gain electrons and become negative or lose electrons to become positive, sodium reacts by losing electrons there fore when an ion its formula will be Na+ because sodium has lost an electron the nucleus holds more charge drawing the electrons closer in. also because the sodium has lost its valance electron there are less shells with electrons in them giving it a smaller atomic radius.
Hope That Helps :)
A sodium ion is a sodium atom that has lost one electron to form an octet of electrons. When the sodium atom loses the electron, which is the only electron in the 3s orbital, the atom no longer needs the orbital and the atom shrinks in diameter.
A chloride ion has 3 full outer energy shells, whereas a sodium ion only has 2 full outer electron shells.
Since it has a whole extra shell, the chloride ion becomes larger than the sodium one.
The third and outermost electron shell of a sodium atom contains only one electron, which is lost when a sodium ion is formed. The sodium ion therefore has a diameter comparable to the smaller diameter of atoms with only two electron shells.
A sodium atom has a single electron in its outer shell that is very active, seeking to combine with an electronegative element such as chlorine, which lacks an electron to complete its outer shell.
A sodium ion is a unit that has given its extra electron up to another element, the two thus forming a compound having properties widely different from the component elements.
sodium atom loses electrons to form sodium cation and hence has smaller size
No. A cesium atom is larger both in terms of atomic mass and atomic radius.
An iron atom is a different element than a sodium atom because it has a different ground state electron configuration. In fact, any atom that differs from any other atom in ground state electron configuration is a different element.
Caesium's single outer electron is much further from the nucleus than that of sodium, so caesium loses its valence electron much easily than sodium, therefore caseium is much more reactive than sodium.
Phosphorus has a higher energy level so it pulls harder on its electrons.
Chlorine has 17 protons.
A carbon Atom. Sodium Atoms Weigh Less Than Carbon Atoms And Also They Are Smaller Overall.
The sodium ion has less electrons than protons whereas the sodium atom has an equal amount of protons and electrons
No. A cesium atom is larger both in terms of atomic mass and atomic radius.
its not
We are working on this in Physical Science class. A negative ion is larger then its parent atom. A positive ion is smaller then its parent atom. =]
A sodium ion is smaller in diameter than a sodium atom.
Valence electrons can determine the reactivity of the atom. An atom with a full shell of valence electrons, like neon, will be less reactive than an atom with only one electron in its valence shell, like sodium.
An iron atom is a different element than a sodium atom because it has a different ground state electron configuration. In fact, any atom that differs from any other atom in ground state electron configuration is a different element.
Caesium's single outer electron is much further from the nucleus than that of sodium, so caesium loses its valence electron much easily than sodium, therefore caseium is much more reactive than sodium.
Sodium is less dense than zinc.
One atom of sodium weighs more than one atom of oxygen. Thus, one mole of sodium weighs more than one mole of oxygen.
No, titanium is less reactive than sodium.