Toughness in pastries and cakes could be caused by a few things, including too much dry ingredients in the mix, not enough butter, eggs that did not leven correctly, or over-baking.
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Butter is what makes the crust flakey, instead of hard.
You probably handled it too much, or re-rolled it too much.
If the pastry is chilled, it is much easier to work with while rolling out, etc, and keeps it from being too sticky, requiring more flour (which would make it tough). Also, if it is chilled before putting in the oven, it creates steam, which helps the crust to be more tender and flaky.
Shortening gives the pastry a crisp, light texture.
They are massive, hard and tough in nature. They may resemble each other in terms of color and texture.
Flavour is how it tastes. Texture is how it feels.
if you over handle your pastry it tends to get tougher or hard after you bake the mixture.
baked too long, baked too high a temp. Addition: If the pastry was tough then there could have been too much water in the mixture. Water aids the development of gluten, which makes pastry tough. It could also be because you "handled/kneaded or worked with" the pastry for too long. When making pie pastry, you must handle the pastry as little as possible.
hard and rough
It allows the perfect texture.
Fat adds flavor and texture. Without fat it might crack
what is the texture of crayfish