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If your torch has an incandescent bulb in it, the resistance of the wire in the bulb generates enough heat that light is created. If your torch has an LED bulb, the PN junction in the diode creates light when the diode is forward-biased.
The easiest circuit that does not obey Ohm's law is a circuit that has a resistance that depends on temperature. For example, if you take a light bulb and draw a current-vs-voltage, you see that in the beginning (under low voltage) the graph is NOT a straight line, but under high voltage the graph is linear. This is because the resistance depends on temperature. the equation V=IR isn't consistent with the graph's shape.
Mains filament
you can make a torch bulb
The job of a bulb is to give off heat and light energy
V=IR R=V/I V=3V I=0.075A R=3/0.075 = 40 ohms
The conducting path of a torch is a simple circuit: Battery to switch, switch to bulb, bulb back to battery. Provided the switch is on, and there are no breaks in the circuit wiring (and the bulb is good), the torch should work.
well if the potential difference (voltage) that i apllied across the light bulb is exacty 2.5v (as it can vary due to the interal resistance of th batteris used) then you can use Resistance=Voltage/current (R=V/I) to calculatete resistance. Therefore since 500mA is equivlant to 0.5A R=2.5/0.5=5 ohms. hopeully that is helpfull
A low resistance bulb has a thicker filament.
It is there to protect the bulb.
Mains filament
Walk to the torch with a latter and change