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Modulation index(m) is given by the formula (|x(t)max|)/v, where x(t) is the modulating signal and v is the maximum carrier voltage.
so m will be greater then 1 if x(t) is greater then v. This results in overlapping of upper and lower wave in the output signal which is called diagonal clipping and this information is lost and thus greater value of m is undesirable.
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delta modulation refers to the procedure of encoding and thereby transmitting only the difference between consecutive samples instead of sending each of the samples themselves. This method is useful only when the vaiation in the amplitude of the signal is small, otherwise, it leads to a phenomenon called "slope overload".Pulse code modulation is the procedure where each of the levels of an analog signal is assigned a value closest ro a quantizer level used to quantize the signal...Another method of PCM that can be confused with Delta Modulation is the D(ifferential)PCM. Here, the difference between the signals is encoded based on its magnitude..
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