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Under the 1701 Act of Settlement and it associated laws, a Roman Catholic cannot legally take the throne. This act is still in force.

Catholics are not allowed to become the head of the Church of England which is a particular evolution of Catholism created by Heny the 8th to facilitate his divorce and remarriage in order to produce a male heir. With the advancing division of Christian Churches and religious wars, Catholism became an anathema to the Monarchy. This is one of the reasons the Act of Settlement was put in place.

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Q: Why no Catholics in line of succession to the British throne?
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