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Actually in networks we will consider the elements like resistance, inductance, capacitance as lumped elements for simplicity, like this in power systems we will consider the transmission line parameters(resistance, inductance, capacitance) as lumped elements, because we will calculate all the parameters of power systems with respect to receiving end or sending end but not with respect to middle of the line. If a fault occurs on transmission line then we should not consider the lumped elements of that total transmission line, we should consider the lumped elements from sending end to the point where the fault is occurred.
relay:sensing device
For medium length lines the shunt capacitance is uniformly distributed along the length of transmission line.. For simplicity in the calculations, Now in T method the tolal line capacitance is lumped or concentrated at the mid point of the line.While in Pie method the capacitance is divided into two halves whith one half lumped near sending end and other half near the receiving end,The capacitor near the sending end does not contribute any line voltage drop but it should be added with line current to get lotal sending end current.
The power transfer equation is this:P = V1*V2*sin(phi)/Xt,V1 = source 1 voltageV2 = source 2 voltagephi = angle between the two sourcesXt = transfer impedance, the impedance of the line + both source impedancesFrom this you can see that if the angle between the two sources is 0, then the power transferred would be zero as well.Reactive power flow *should* be zero if perfectly matched as well, although there will be a small amount of reactive power usage due to line charging (charging current).
Both sending and receiving NICs must agree on transmission speeds.
For DC transmission, power is transferred based on the difference in voltage between the sending and receiving end. Because of this, you need to be able to control the sending and receiving voltage. Moreover, HVDC are typically used to transport power long distances into separate AC power systems. Because of this the voltage control is typically accomplished by having an AC/DC converter, which includes specialized power transformers. These transformers are connected to create near DC voltages.
Ferranti Effect causes the receiving end voltage to be more than the sending end voltage. It occurs mainly in long transmission lines when they are lightly loaded. In this condition, the inductance of the lines becomes more resulting in increased receiving end voltage.
Voltage regulation is just the percentage change in voltage at the receiving/sending end of the transmission line from no load to full load. It is given by ((Vnl-Vfl)/(Vnl)) X 100%. Typically Voltage at receiving end is known to us and for the sending end Vnl is given by Vs/A. Where A is given by the ABCD parameters of the transmission line and Vs = AVr + BIr.
E-mail enables the sending and receiving of files.
Bus is what data travels on by sending voltages though it.
Yes, a fax is capable of sending and receiving messages from another fax machine.
sending and receiving messages
sending and receiving messages
sending and receiving messages
Sending and Receiving Messages
Encryptions