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Back emf is proportional to the flux in the field winding.

Flux in the field winding is proportional to the mmf in the winding.

mmf = current passing through the winding * no of turns in the winding

To attain the required mmf we can use more current and less turns ( or ) less current and more turns .

As the power loss in the field winding is considered it is

Power loss = Square of voltage / resistance

As the voltage is constant for a high resistance it is possible to have less losses. So we prefer for high shunt field resistance.

As the field resistance is high current is less , so no of turns in the shunt field will be more to attain the required mmf.

Answer

'Shunt' is an archaic term for 'parallel', so the shunt winding is in parallel with the supply voltage which means its resistance must be relatively high to limit the current passing through it.

Incidentally, the back-emf. is not proportional to the flux, but to the rate of change of flux.

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Q: Why shunt field resistance is high incase of dc shunt motor?
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